HARRI + MA
Ancient Cuneiform writing translations
The Hittites a people in Asia Minor during 1500-1300 BC. had written documents produced on clay tablets inscribed with wedge-shaped marks made with a triangular stylus, a system of writing dating to c. 4000 - 3000 BC. Latin < cuneus, wedge-shaped, cuneiform.
Indo European as a written language dates back to 4000 BC. Previously named 'Arian' it is the language of the ancient 'Brahman Philosophy', a philosophy believed to have been brought into India by 'Arians' (Aryans) as it is recorded in the verses of the four 'Vedas' :- The 'Rig Veda' contains a priestly Brahman tradition; 'Yajur Veda', contains prayers and sacred formulas; 'Sama Veda', melodies and chants; 'Atharva Veda', is a collection of popular incantations, hymns and magic spells. The Vedas documents written in a script called Vedic Sanskrit date to c. 1500-1200 BC. this ancient language is thought possibly to have been brought to India from the North West. Sanskrit is a forerunner of the Indo-Iranian languages spoken in North India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh and it is sacred to Hindu liturgy. Later Sanskrit literature, called Classical Indian literature dates to c. 500 BC. - c. AD. 1000, the later Vedic literature contains the 'Upanishads' that discuss the essence of the universe. This early period of Classical Sanskrit also records the 'Mahabharata' and the 'Ramayana'.They are all significant literary works and understood to be sacred to the Hindu faith. Arian descendant languages are spoken throughout South West and South Asia.
It is a fact now well understood that our English language is of the Indo-European family of languages spoken in all areas of European settlement. 'Arian' now referred to as 'Indo-European', consists of subgroups:- Celtic languages, Germanic languages, Indo-Iranian, Armenian, Albanian, Greek, Latin and its descendant Romance languages, Latvian, Lithuanian, the Slavonic group of languages Russian, Polish, Czech, Serbian, Croatian, Slovenian and many more.... in fact about half the world's peoples do speak what is basically the Arian language of the 'Brahman Philosophy'.
By its grammatical construction, the Arian language speaks to us of its past existences and is detectable in the Semitic languages of North Africa and the Middle East, including Hebrew and Aramaic (ibhri >Hebrew ; Aramaic< ebhrai, Israelite, meaning one from the opposite side). Today Hebrew and Arabic are the modern forms.
The Dictionary of Etymology records the roots of our language, whereby it painstakingly explains the earliest know written records of many thousands of words now transcribed from script and text into the Roman (Latin) alphabet. This dictionary is a study of the etymology (truth) and traces the origin of previously recorded words documented from Asian-Arian and through the various interrelated European-Arian vocabulary that has descended by means of communication, through trade and conflicts, historical records and the propaganda of doctrinal religious literature. However, the dictionary of etymologies does explain that the precise origin of many a word remains yet unknown, presumably there is no documented evidence that the authors have cited.
Explained in these next few pages is what I have observed in the make up of our written grammar and how a specific alphabetical code reveals the philosophical thinking that created our language.
A duality (Hari and Ma) as seen symbolized in a Romano British mosaic
At some point in history long before words became symbols engraved in stone or written onto paper, all the ancient words were firstly spoken communications, their orators religious, metaphorical or philosophical attributes could possibly have been known to a few people and in particular the Author and Brahmin priests. This Arian diction since recorded in the written word will therefore only confirm the intended meaning of a word at a fixed time in that words oratory history, thus making the interpretation as to the intended original meaning of descended words a puzzling riddle.
The Brahman Priests were the brains behind the stories of the Vedas, these are the ghost-writers, just as Brahma appertains to the *formless Universe. Having for centuries been repeatedly reinterpreted these Arian stories deliberately give an explanation of and for all natural phenomena. (*Old English < grima spectre, ghost; spectre specter, image from Latin < spectrum appearance).
The Avatars (incarnations) of the Vedic 'lord Hari' are in essence 'Vishnu' (Armenian < harevan, vision, brightness) and 'Shiva' (to shiver is our bodies means of protection) who earlier was named as 'Rudra' (from which the words red and dragon have derived). Good and bad auspices and omens (Aum / Om) are contained within the use of these names 'Hari' and 'Hara', with their respective counterparts the ten (10 in Indian numerals) [X in Roman numerals] Avatars. All were designed aimed at describing creation, life and death, (creation - cremation).
Vishnu along with all the characters in these stories is a mortal yet he reappears, morphs into another form after his demise. One of the many wives taken by Vishnu is 'Pravati', the pair (para) of them are perceived to be androgynous. She Pravati, is the daughter of 'Parvat' the mountains at the top of the world. Vishnu also has a female counterpart called 'Shri', the feminine of Hri / Hra, which are the most used abbreviations showing the influence of Hari (also known as 'Krishna' a herder and grazer of animals. In Hindu pictorial stories Krishna is illustrated in blue). The Arian 'Hindu' stories tell of how the world had formed from Brahma; (essentially the gas (breath) and dust ('Kalki' calx) of the Universe and how we 'Mankind' evolved. This World was arid as all the waters had been swallowed up by the Dragon 'Vritra', hence our modern word 'vitrified'. 'Manu' the founder of 'Man' saved the world from the flood with the aid of a fish; this fish was Vishnu within another shape and form. The total number of names given to these incarnations or Avatars of the 'Triad' Hari (Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma) as the bringer/remover and protector/defender is immeasurable. (Tocharian B < mai-, measure; Latin < mensura, to measure by the light of the moon and sun). These ancient mythological stories have underlying meanings, they are allegories, a manner of speaking that has continued down through the centuries to this day.
By example, today in making a new word firstly it has to be spoken and then the letters of the alphabet are arranged to conform to a preordained phonetic code contained within the specific language. That code is two or more special letter formations contained in abbreviations, these often become the syllables. Abbreviations are the essences of individual words providing the prefix added to the main body of what is to become a larger word and followed by a suffix, another abbreviation. Encoded in all languages whether or not they are part of the Indo-European family are the early 'Stone Age' people's perception of god and goddess. Our abbreviations (Latin < brevis brief) hold the key to opening the door into Arian language construction, whereby those ancient gods perceived spiritual characteristics and personalities are to be seen illuminated by nomination (Hittite < laman; Old English < nama, noma name).
Romanized Indo-European has a phonetic code of abbreviations formed from single word elements, this code can differ phonetically within the overall language family by means of the consonants and vowels selected although the message is identical. Having been transcribed long ago in the various dialect forms of Arian the prehistoric 'God' words are to be found transferred into Romanized language and it is now clear for a Modern English reader/speaker to see the original philosophic/spiritual ideal identified within many word constructions. To be actually able to see the significance assigned by the Author/Brahmin in the phonetic arrangement of specifically coordinated letters. The Greek and Roman gods/goddesses whose names are so distinctive in our language such as; Aphrodite, Fortuna, Europa, Aries, Mars, Terminus, Hilaria, Mithra and Priapus, Roma....etc, etc, were all adaptations from some previous cultured civilization, existing long before their names were reinvented in Classical times and recorded into Latin script (Latin is first recorded 600 BC.) The Brahman sage and avatar names are multiples of the principle lord 'Hari' his name abbreviated within words to become hr, hri, hra. For having once been formed and fashioned in order to explain the phenomenon of existence, life and death, this alphabetically encrypted system used for making words has just gone on and on, seemingly unnoticed for what it actually is representative:-
The alphabetic code relating to an ancient belief or religion reflected in Romanized languages.
ar br cr dr er fr gr hr ir kr or pr rr sr tr ur vr wr yr
ari ara are aro aru bra cra dra era fra gra hra ira kra ora pra rra tra ura vra wra yra
era bra cra dra ere fre gre hre hro ire kre ore pre rre tre ure vre wre yre
ira bri cri dri eri fri gri hri iri kri ori pri rri tri uri vri wri yri
ora ore ori bro cro dro ero fro gro hro iro kro oro pro rro tro uro vro wro yro
ura bru cru dru eru fru gru hru iru kru oru pru rru tru uru vru wru yru
ra ro ru re ri ar er ary ry
ma mae mai maj mao mau may
mar mara mare mari maro maru mary
In deciphering this dialect code, the most important letter of the alphabet is the letter R / r . The letter R descends from the Semitic letter 'P' resh (head) which passed into Greek as 'rho' 'P' almost unchanged and on to become the Roman Latin letter 'R'.
The chi-rho emblem contains 'P' resh (head) centrally positioned in the design and dissecting the diagonal (Greek < dia day) 'X' chi, which is illustrative of the 'Sun' cross (perceived also as Diablo Devil). The two photographs below, the first of which shows a triangular silver leaf votive (vow) depicting the chi-rho. These votives have been found in Britain at Water Newton and are displayed in the British Museum. The second photo shows the chi-rho intersected by the Greek letters alpha and omega which in Christian phraseology refers to, "I am the beginning and the end". These Greek characters are all the more likely to be symbolic of the masculine god Hari (Ari) and the feminine maiden goddess Ma that form the union in a 'duality', each is each other.
The Chi-rho Sun Wheel on a silver votive.
A silver votive with a gold Chi-rho containing alpha and omega.
A section of the Romarno British mosaic pavement at Lullingstone Villa.
A representation of hari + ma, can be seen combined in this 4th century great mosaic pavement. This mosaic of heart motifs intersected with diagonal crosses and associated sun symbolism is at 'Lullingstone Roman Villa' in Kent, England. Note the two interlocked heart symbols a 'lover's knot' on the upper right of this picture and the Hindu swastika at lower left. The Villa also had a depiction of the chi-rho motif,it is now in the British Museum.
Those Roman alphabet vowels [a e i o u ] that accompany the letter 'R' in specific god associated words may change, also the consonant preceding 'R' may change but the underlying philosophical teaching of the Brahman philosophy (Arian) remains coherent. It is distinguishable by the arrangement of the letter R and its positioning within a word or prefix or suffix. The letter R plus vowels in certain typically Brahman word formations continues to this day (although now subliminally) perpetuating the intended reasoning in the formation of our languages.
The Roman alphabet is now the means by which we write our 'Mother' tongue, it was and continues to be the 'Linga (lingua) Franca'' the badge and language of a caste, its belief system and culture, communicated by necessity as the tool of inter-trading.
Historians explain that no one yet knows whom precisely, which tribe or people, those original Stone / Bronze Age Arians could actually have been, as the Vedas does not tell us. Now if we care to look closely at all of our British languages we can see that the ancestry of the 'Arian' is traceable in our British prehistory.
I personally have now compared many dialectal language abbreviations and have detected that this Arian god / goddess code started in what is now the Basque language. Basque contains the only surviving intact remnant of the pre-Arian (prehistoric) folk cultures linguistic code. It is from that culture (whoever formed the pre-Romanized Basque language) that the Basque word for rock 'harri' gave rise to a language of faith in 'Hari'. Hari the trinity (three in one) a triangle of 'Arian Philosophy' seen as a symbol of masculinity 'man' since antiquity, with its upward pointing highest pinnacle being the representation of the esteemed Hari (Ari) the highest order in society. A subsequent terminology used by the Greeks aristos the best (beste).
Other examples :- 'Aristotle' the best philosopher ; Aristarchus of Samos, the best mathematician and astronomer, said to be the first to propose the heliocentric theory ; arithmos numbre (number) ; Anglo French < arismatike ; Greek < mathema knowledge ; Eucharistia, gratitude. In Judaism, 'Bram' is the prophet Abraham (compare Brahma) and a 'Har' is a mountain in Hebrew, hence the term 'Harmageddon' (Armageddon). In Christian legend, Joseph of Arimathea, of whom it is said probably came from the hilly country of Rama, whereby Arimathea being an allegorical fictional place. Arima-thea, or Arima-theo, possibly derived from the meaning Hari + Ma, god (theo is Greek for god). The Swiss mountain 'Monte Cervino' is otherwise known as the 'Matterhorn' ; Hrib is a a hill in Slovenian and nutrition is prehrana, hrana is food. Northern English < harn is the brain ; In Cornish < bramma, a fart. In Basque < har is a worm (by nature the earthworm is a hermaphrodite) ; in European mythology the 'Lintvern' (stone-worm) is the Slovenian < Zmaj, 'Dragon' ; in Greek < krokodrilos (kroko > rock + drilos > worm) the crocodile, a stone/rock lizard, a dragon > sauros, lizard ; German < Lindwurrn, dragon ; Tirolerisch < Haradaxl, lizard ; English < Wyvern, and the Norse word Orm, worm (Latin < vermis, vermin, a worm ; vermilion, red). Orme is a description attributed to the 'Great Orme' a peninsula in North Wales, where the title Orme refers to the numerous worm holes created by the 'Dragons' who were the Mesolithic / Neolithic (8000 BC.in Asia) ore miners (Old English < ar, ore). Extractors of the precious metals from the ores of Gold, Silver, Copper and Tin. Gold is the most anciently covetous and rarest of the precious metals (Old English < hrere, rare). The trade in Silver and Tin can be dated to c. 4000 B.C., to the Aegean Islands and Asia Minor, where here the Tin trade centred at the stronghold called Mari in Mesopotamia. Mari is known today as Tell Hariri on the west bank of the Euphrates, in modern day Syria ; coinage began in Asia Minor in the 7th century BC.(Chinese coinage also dates to the 7th century BC.); The principal Silver coin of the ancient Greeks was the Drachma; In Welsh < Arian, Silver. The chief silver coin in the Roman Republic was the Denari (Latin < denarius, containing ten). The old British coinage before decimalization was £ s d,(LSD) where here the 'd' stood for denari. Those early Neolithic farmers along with their associated 'precious mineral' mining communities are probably the basis for the Lintvern 'stone-worm' stories; Greek < drilos, earthworm. Drilos is attested as meaning 'circumcised man', penis, deriving from Latin < pen, tail ; The name 'Pendragon' belongs to the legendry king of the Britons and in Welsh 'Dragon' is now an obsolete title meaning 'Leader' ; Cornish < pennsevik, prince ; Hindi < maharajah, prince, king ; Latin < Rex, king. Those Neolithic mineral mining metallurgists, are the 'fire breathing' Dragons, and through their acquired wealth gained a controlling power to become the ruling caste, the Aristocracy. The use of the name Harri or 'Harry' is in colloquial British being both the attributed name for that 'blue' blooded' Welsh Tudor King Henry VII and also for the Devil > 'Old Harry' ; In Zoroastrianism (began by Zarathrusta) the state religion of Persia until the 3rd century AD., Ahriman is perceived as the supreme evil spirit of darkness that heads an armarda of demons which embody envy ; in Zoroastrianism the 'Gohar' is the Innermost Soul. The phallic resemblance of the lingam (Sanskrit < 'ling'a', a lingam represents Hari / Shiva (Siva) as the generative /degenerative power of nature) can be seen in the 'Old Harry Rock', which is a chalk stack off the coast of Dorset. 'Harry long legs' the spider, having 8 legs as if representing the spokes of the Asian / Hittite 'Sun Wheel', hence arachnid and arachnophobia ; the letter 'H' is the 8th letter of our Romanized alphabet. The Sanskrit speaking people were the 'Harria', in Sanskrit < Aria- noble ; arya-s honourable ; arya-s lord ; ari-s stranger.
The Basque word for the human soul / spirit is arima. Religiously the triangle represents our human soul ; the Egyptian pyramids are in essence four triangles on a square base, where the diagonals are aligned to the minimum and maximum sun arise and sun sets forming a Sun ('chi' Hari) crux X. (Greek dia, day ; Latin < di, day ; Dio, God ; French < Dimanche, Sunday). Hungarian < haromagu three-pointed / cornered. In Sanskrit < saura is the sun, to the Romans Sol Invictus. Those National flags of both Ireland (St Patrick's cross) and Scotland (St Andrew's cross) which is called the Saltire (Saltire < Sol the sun, Soltire < from Latin < solari to console, solas joy, comfort, solace relief). They are actually Sun crosses (kisses xx, Basque < ma kiss, ama mother) representations of the bright shining light (Italian < chiaro) and shadow (ombra) of the 'Linga' - 'Standing Stone' as the sun makes its arc across the heavens. In the land of the ancient Basques are the limestone heights of the 'Sierra de Aralar' - 'the land of stones', an area of the Cantabrian mountains that is dotted with menhirs and dolmens. Where here as in the distant past shepherds continue to graze their sheep. In the Welsh language > maharen, ram ; Welshman nm., Cymro. To the Basque people this 'Stone Age period of prehistory is named as the 'Harri Aro' ; Italian < massaro, old aged ; Slovenian < star, old.
The Roman alphabet is now the means by which we write our 'Mother' tongue, it was and continues to be the 'Linga (lingua) Franca'' the badge and language of a caste, its belief system and culture, communicated by necessity as the tool of inter-trading.
Historians explain that no one yet knows whom precisely, which tribe or people, those original Stone / Bronze Age Arians could actually have been, as the Vedas does not tell us. Now if we care to look closely at all of our British languages we can see that the ancestry of the 'Arian' is traceable in our British prehistory.
I personally have now compared many dialectal language abbreviations and have detected that this Arian god / goddess code started in what is now the Basque language. Basque contains the only surviving intact remnant of the pre-Arian (prehistoric) folk cultures linguistic code. It is from that culture (whoever formed the pre-Romanized Basque language) that the Basque word for rock 'harri' gave rise to a language of faith in 'Hari'. Hari the trinity (three in one) a triangle of 'Arian Philosophy' seen as a symbol of masculinity 'man' since antiquity, with its upward pointing highest pinnacle being the representation of the esteemed Hari (Ari) the highest order in society. A subsequent terminology used by the Greeks aristos the best (beste).
Other examples :- 'Aristotle' the best philosopher ; Aristarchus of Samos, the best mathematician and astronomer, said to be the first to propose the heliocentric theory ; arithmos numbre (number) ; Anglo French < arismatike ; Greek < mathema knowledge ; Eucharistia, gratitude. In Judaism, 'Bram' is the prophet Abraham (compare Brahma) and a 'Har' is a mountain in Hebrew, hence the term 'Harmageddon' (Armageddon). In Christian legend, Joseph of Arimathea, of whom it is said probably came from the hilly country of Rama, whereby Arimathea being an allegorical fictional place. Arima-thea, or Arima-theo, possibly derived from the meaning Hari + Ma, god (theo is Greek for god). The Swiss mountain 'Monte Cervino' is otherwise known as the 'Matterhorn' ; Hrib is a a hill in Slovenian and nutrition is prehrana, hrana is food. Northern English < harn is the brain ; In Cornish < bramma, a fart. In Basque < har is a worm (by nature the earthworm is a hermaphrodite) ; in European mythology the 'Lintvern' (stone-worm) is the Slovenian < Zmaj, 'Dragon' ; in Greek < krokodrilos (kroko > rock + drilos > worm) the crocodile, a stone/rock lizard, a dragon > sauros, lizard ; German < Lindwurrn, dragon ; Tirolerisch < Haradaxl, lizard ; English < Wyvern, and the Norse word Orm, worm (Latin < vermis, vermin, a worm ; vermilion, red). Orme is a description attributed to the 'Great Orme' a peninsula in North Wales, where the title Orme refers to the numerous worm holes created by the 'Dragons' who were the Mesolithic / Neolithic (8000 BC.in Asia) ore miners (Old English < ar, ore). Extractors of the precious metals from the ores of Gold, Silver, Copper and Tin. Gold is the most anciently covetous and rarest of the precious metals (Old English < hrere, rare). The trade in Silver and Tin can be dated to c. 4000 B.C., to the Aegean Islands and Asia Minor, where here the Tin trade centred at the stronghold called Mari in Mesopotamia. Mari is known today as Tell Hariri on the west bank of the Euphrates, in modern day Syria ; coinage began in Asia Minor in the 7th century BC.(Chinese coinage also dates to the 7th century BC.); The principal Silver coin of the ancient Greeks was the Drachma; In Welsh < Arian, Silver. The chief silver coin in the Roman Republic was the Denari (Latin < denarius, containing ten). The old British coinage before decimalization was £ s d,(LSD) where here the 'd' stood for denari. Those early Neolithic farmers along with their associated 'precious mineral' mining communities are probably the basis for the Lintvern 'stone-worm' stories; Greek < drilos, earthworm. Drilos is attested as meaning 'circumcised man', penis, deriving from Latin < pen, tail ; The name 'Pendragon' belongs to the legendry king of the Britons and in Welsh 'Dragon' is now an obsolete title meaning 'Leader' ; Cornish < pennsevik, prince ; Hindi < maharajah, prince, king ; Latin < Rex, king. Those Neolithic mineral mining metallurgists, are the 'fire breathing' Dragons, and through their acquired wealth gained a controlling power to become the ruling caste, the Aristocracy. The use of the name Harri or 'Harry' is in colloquial British being both the attributed name for that 'blue' blooded' Welsh Tudor King Henry VII and also for the Devil > 'Old Harry' ; In Zoroastrianism (began by Zarathrusta) the state religion of Persia until the 3rd century AD., Ahriman is perceived as the supreme evil spirit of darkness that heads an armarda of demons which embody envy ; in Zoroastrianism the 'Gohar' is the Innermost Soul. The phallic resemblance of the lingam (Sanskrit < 'ling'a', a lingam represents Hari / Shiva (Siva) as the generative /degenerative power of nature) can be seen in the 'Old Harry Rock', which is a chalk stack off the coast of Dorset. 'Harry long legs' the spider, having 8 legs as if representing the spokes of the Asian / Hittite 'Sun Wheel', hence arachnid and arachnophobia ; the letter 'H' is the 8th letter of our Romanized alphabet. The Sanskrit speaking people were the 'Harria', in Sanskrit < Aria- noble ; arya-s honourable ; arya-s lord ; ari-s stranger.
The Basque word for the human soul / spirit is arima. Religiously the triangle represents our human soul ; the Egyptian pyramids are in essence four triangles on a square base, where the diagonals are aligned to the minimum and maximum sun arise and sun sets forming a Sun ('chi' Hari) crux X. (Greek dia, day ; Latin < di, day ; Dio, God ; French < Dimanche, Sunday). Hungarian < haromagu three-pointed / cornered. In Sanskrit < saura is the sun, to the Romans Sol Invictus. Those National flags of both Ireland (St Patrick's cross) and Scotland (St Andrew's cross) which is called the Saltire (Saltire < Sol the sun, Soltire < from Latin < solari to console, solas joy, comfort, solace relief). They are actually Sun crosses (kisses xx, Basque < ma kiss, ama mother) representations of the bright shining light (Italian < chiaro) and shadow (ombra) of the 'Linga' - 'Standing Stone' as the sun makes its arc across the heavens. In the land of the ancient Basques are the limestone heights of the 'Sierra de Aralar' - 'the land of stones', an area of the Cantabrian mountains that is dotted with menhirs and dolmens. Where here as in the distant past shepherds continue to graze their sheep. In the Welsh language > maharen, ram ; Welshman nm., Cymro. To the Basque people this 'Stone Age period of prehistory is named as the 'Harri Aro' ; Italian < massaro, old aged ; Slovenian < star, old.
1. The sun rises behind this granite Harri stone sundial spire at Merrivale in Devon at the time of the Autumn Equinox.
2. The Harri stone sundial clock showing the formation of the 'chi-rho' (Greek XP) and the associated dialect code of abbreviations.
3. Plan view of the Merrivale site on Dartmoor, here showing the original 'Stone Age' equinox, meridian and solstice alignments.
4. The stone row at Merrivale during the equinox sun rise 21st September 2010.
5. The Harri stone and it's short shadow at midday in September.
6. The Harri stone sundial, showing the maximum and minimum sun arise and set and the method for the possible construction of the Ancient Heart Symbol
7. The Sundial represents the ancient Harri stone at the centre of geometry.
8. Sketch detail of the Harri + Ma symbolism in a Romano British mosaic of Spring at 'Chedworth Villa', Gloucestershire.
1. The first above photograph is of the 'Harri Stone', the ancient sundial clock at the penus (inner sanctum) of a prehistoric stone circle (Old English < hreoerloca m., enclosure of the heart, breast). This particular standing stone is at Merrivale (meridian) on Dartmoor, in Devon, England.
2. The first diagram shows the ancient association of the Greek < chi-rho (XP) and chronos time ; the letter 'X' (chi) is the 24th letter of our alphabet and we have now 24 hrs in a day. The descriptive Greek and Latin abbreviations form the key words to be seen in religion, art and science. Likened to their original god like yet mortal characters in the Brahmin / Hindu stories, these abbreviations morph into their rejuvenated forma and thread (Basque < hari, thread) through the continuation of our Arian language dialects.
3. The second diagram illustrates the alignment of the two stone rows at Merrivale. One of these rows (the southern row) has a triangular stone placed where the sunrise would have first touched the stone row as it appeared over the dip in the hill to the east (Cornish < bre, hill) at the time of the equinox (equilibrium) during a time 1000's of years ago in the ancient 'Stone Age' > Harri Aro.
4. The second photograph shows this sunrise alignment as it is today. In millennia gone by the equinox sunrise would have appeared on the horizon in the dip of the hillside. Sanskrit < visuva [vishuva] m., equinox.
5. This third photograph shows the shadow cast by the harri standing stone at midday on the day of the Autumn equinox in September. Originally this equinox would have been in the 8th month of October, long before the calendar was changed by Caesar. The shadow will appear this same size and in the same place at midday on the Spring equinox in March. The shadow cast at midday in June during the summer half year Solstice is much shorter and at a steeper angle. Notice also how the flanks of this stone are aligned N. S. E. and W.
6. The fourth diagram shows a representation of the perhaps percieved movement of the shadow cast by the rectangular harri stone during the day time (from sunrise to sunset) on the longest day and at the period of time leading up to, during, and on the days immediately after of the solstice in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere. The same would then be true for the shadow when the Moon is at the maximum in midwinter on the shortest day. This example diagram is I suggest for Britain at the Summer half year (Armenian < tari, year ; Sanskrit < sama, half year ; Old Saxon < sumar, summer ; Italian < somma, height ; Basque < arraio, beam of light) based on the symbolism seen in Romano British mosaics. The further south toward the Mediterranean this occurrence is observed then the deeper the cleavage at Summer solstice because the sun is more overhead at noon, although it never sets in the Arctic in summertime, it just glides by. The ombra perimeter draws the 'Ma' symbol, leaving a triangular bright area where there is full sunshine. With the triangle inverted the outline could create the familiar 'Heart Symbol' .
7. This next photograph shows the modern 'Sundial' gnomon as a true representation of the ancient 'Harri' stone (Greek < gnomon, indicator, a rod, pointer or triangular piece ; to know). This sundial shows graphically the positions of the sunrise and set 'Chi-rho' at 4am and 8pm / 8am and 4pm respectively. The equinox, the balance between night and day (Sanskrit < dharriman, balance ; Cornish < mantol, balance; Italian < equilibra, balance) at 6am and 6pm, and the meridian, midday when the sun is observed in the south (Armenian < faraw [harav] south) at it's highest (cima) on any day (dia) of the year (Urdu < har roz m., daily). The sundial's needle (Japanese < hari, needle) is set at an angle of 55 degrees (Cornish < prykk m., [prikk] point, degree, moment in time) this extends the midday shadow cast onto the hour, hr., positions around the middle of the day, the meridian (maridian). This meridian draws a divider line due North/South, in this same way the equinox aligns East/West. These are the cardinal points of the compass ; cardinal, red ; cardinal, Roman Catholic official appointed by the Pope ; Latin < cardinalis, chief, pivital, turns on, hinges ; Italian < cardine m., pole, hinge (arpione, hinge, hook) ; cardiaco, heart, from Greek < kardia, heart ; English < cardio heart ; Old English < hreper n. heart. This is the Geometry (geo-ma-tria, men-sura) the earthly measurements (Old English < hruse f. earth) of the Harri + Ma 'Hart', the 'Chi-rho' and (Slovenian < svet, world, holy, sacred, saint) the patron 'George'.
8. Compare my above descriptions with my fourth illustration showing one of two hearts to be seen in a 4th century 'Romano British' mosaic at 'Chedworth Villa'. Notice the heart colouration and pattern design and compare it with that of the 'Lullingstone Villa' hearts. The Heart is the agriculturist symbol for annual natural regeneration.
nb. At the foot of the page I have placed a picture showing the relevant 'heart' part of the Chedworth Villa mosaic ; there is also another photograph which shows the Downton Villa mosaic. There is also at the foot of the page, a diagram of the sunlight passing within the 'Roman Pantheon' in the city ofRoma (Rome) on the longest day.
There is a similar stone linga at the penus of Britain's largest and possibly most famous stone circle 'Stonehenge'. Here the stone is called the 'alter stone' (Italian < ara alter ; ara surface measure) as today it is not erect and now lies flat on the ground. This alter stone which may have been brought from the shores of Milford Haven in Pembrokeshire, is of Green micaceous sandstone and it is the only one on site made of this sort of green sandstone rock. This Harri stone is deliberately placed in the central part at the heart of the 'Stonhenge harena', it being flanked and cradled by the famous 'Bluestones' and five huge Sarsen sandstone trilithons. Of those bluestones, it is also claimed that they came from Pembrokeshire, most likely from Carn Menyn, which is a stone strewn outcrop on the Preseli Mountain range. The word Harena has become our modern word Arena, it deriving from the Latin < arenaceus, harenaeous, sandstone ; from a Roman word, Latin < harenae f. a grain of sand (granite). This special 'Stonehenge' Harri (green sandstone) is surrounded by further Sarsen arches and is at the heart of the arena, the ring ; Old English < hring, ring ; herig, m., pagan sanctuary ; Slovenian < srce, heart ; Italian < cuore, heart ; in Japanese the indicator hand of a clock and a needle is called Hari. Greek < kentron, sharp point, peg ; Latin < centrum, centra, centre of a circle ; anus, ring, circular. In Cornish < prykk [prikk] m. point, degree, moment in time ; English < prick, point in space. It has long been presumed that the prehistoric masons, the builders of such monuments as these, had left no written clue as to their language, well! now you are reading it, for eventually it has become ours. Welsh < Pryd nm. time, season ; Prydain nf. Britain. (Old English < ure, our ; Italian < nostro, our, ours ; nostrale, of our own country ; masseria f., farm-house ; Finish < maa, country ; maaseutu, countryside ; maatalo, farm ; Basque < herrialde, country, land).
2. The first diagram shows the ancient association of the Greek < chi-rho (XP) and chronos time ; the letter 'X' (chi) is the 24th letter of our alphabet and we have now 24 hrs in a day. The descriptive Greek and Latin abbreviations form the key words to be seen in religion, art and science. Likened to their original god like yet mortal characters in the Brahmin / Hindu stories, these abbreviations morph into their rejuvenated forma and thread (Basque < hari, thread) through the continuation of our Arian language dialects.
3. The second diagram illustrates the alignment of the two stone rows at Merrivale. One of these rows (the southern row) has a triangular stone placed where the sunrise would have first touched the stone row as it appeared over the dip in the hill to the east (Cornish < bre, hill) at the time of the equinox (equilibrium) during a time 1000's of years ago in the ancient 'Stone Age' > Harri Aro.
4. The second photograph shows this sunrise alignment as it is today. In millennia gone by the equinox sunrise would have appeared on the horizon in the dip of the hillside. Sanskrit < visuva [vishuva] m., equinox.
5. This third photograph shows the shadow cast by the harri standing stone at midday on the day of the Autumn equinox in September. Originally this equinox would have been in the 8th month of October, long before the calendar was changed by Caesar. The shadow will appear this same size and in the same place at midday on the Spring equinox in March. The shadow cast at midday in June during the summer half year Solstice is much shorter and at a steeper angle. Notice also how the flanks of this stone are aligned N. S. E. and W.
6. The fourth diagram shows a representation of the perhaps percieved movement of the shadow cast by the rectangular harri stone during the day time (from sunrise to sunset) on the longest day and at the period of time leading up to, during, and on the days immediately after of the solstice in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere. The same would then be true for the shadow when the Moon is at the maximum in midwinter on the shortest day. This example diagram is I suggest for Britain at the Summer half year (Armenian < tari, year ; Sanskrit < sama, half year ; Old Saxon < sumar, summer ; Italian < somma, height ; Basque < arraio, beam of light) based on the symbolism seen in Romano British mosaics. The further south toward the Mediterranean this occurrence is observed then the deeper the cleavage at Summer solstice because the sun is more overhead at noon, although it never sets in the Arctic in summertime, it just glides by. The ombra perimeter draws the 'Ma' symbol, leaving a triangular bright area where there is full sunshine. With the triangle inverted the outline could create the familiar 'Heart Symbol' .
7. This next photograph shows the modern 'Sundial' gnomon as a true representation of the ancient 'Harri' stone (Greek < gnomon, indicator, a rod, pointer or triangular piece ; to know). This sundial shows graphically the positions of the sunrise and set 'Chi-rho' at 4am and 8pm / 8am and 4pm respectively. The equinox, the balance between night and day (Sanskrit < dharriman, balance ; Cornish < mantol, balance; Italian < equilibra, balance) at 6am and 6pm, and the meridian, midday when the sun is observed in the south (Armenian < faraw [harav] south) at it's highest (cima) on any day (dia) of the year (Urdu < har roz m., daily). The sundial's needle (Japanese < hari, needle) is set at an angle of 55 degrees (Cornish < prykk m., [prikk] point, degree, moment in time) this extends the midday shadow cast onto the hour, hr., positions around the middle of the day, the meridian (maridian). This meridian draws a divider line due North/South, in this same way the equinox aligns East/West. These are the cardinal points of the compass ; cardinal, red ; cardinal, Roman Catholic official appointed by the Pope ; Latin < cardinalis, chief, pivital, turns on, hinges ; Italian < cardine m., pole, hinge (arpione, hinge, hook) ; cardiaco, heart, from Greek < kardia, heart ; English < cardio heart ; Old English < hreper n. heart. This is the Geometry (geo-ma-tria, men-sura) the earthly measurements (Old English < hruse f. earth) of the Harri + Ma 'Hart', the 'Chi-rho' and (Slovenian < svet, world, holy, sacred, saint) the patron 'George'.
8. Compare my above descriptions with my fourth illustration showing one of two hearts to be seen in a 4th century 'Romano British' mosaic at 'Chedworth Villa'. Notice the heart colouration and pattern design and compare it with that of the 'Lullingstone Villa' hearts. The Heart is the agriculturist symbol for annual natural regeneration.
nb. At the foot of the page I have placed a picture showing the relevant 'heart' part of the Chedworth Villa mosaic ; there is also another photograph which shows the Downton Villa mosaic. There is also at the foot of the page, a diagram of the sunlight passing within the 'Roman Pantheon' in the city ofRoma (Rome) on the longest day.
There is a similar stone linga at the penus of Britain's largest and possibly most famous stone circle 'Stonehenge'. Here the stone is called the 'alter stone' (Italian < ara alter ; ara surface measure) as today it is not erect and now lies flat on the ground. This alter stone which may have been brought from the shores of Milford Haven in Pembrokeshire, is of Green micaceous sandstone and it is the only one on site made of this sort of green sandstone rock. This Harri stone is deliberately placed in the central part at the heart of the 'Stonhenge harena', it being flanked and cradled by the famous 'Bluestones' and five huge Sarsen sandstone trilithons. Of those bluestones, it is also claimed that they came from Pembrokeshire, most likely from Carn Menyn, which is a stone strewn outcrop on the Preseli Mountain range. The word Harena has become our modern word Arena, it deriving from the Latin < arenaceus, harenaeous, sandstone ; from a Roman word, Latin < harenae f. a grain of sand (granite). This special 'Stonehenge' Harri (green sandstone) is surrounded by further Sarsen arches and is at the heart of the arena, the ring ; Old English < hring, ring ; herig, m., pagan sanctuary ; Slovenian < srce, heart ; Italian < cuore, heart ; in Japanese the indicator hand of a clock and a needle is called Hari. Greek < kentron, sharp point, peg ; Latin < centrum, centra, centre of a circle ; anus, ring, circular. In Cornish < prykk [prikk] m. point, degree, moment in time ; English < prick, point in space. It has long been presumed that the prehistoric masons, the builders of such monuments as these, had left no written clue as to their language, well! now you are reading it, for eventually it has become ours. Welsh < Pryd nm. time, season ; Prydain nf. Britain. (Old English < ure, our ; Italian < nostro, our, ours ; nostrale, of our own country ; masseria f., farm-house ; Finish < maa, country ; maaseutu, countryside ; maatalo, farm ; Basque < herrialde, country, land).
A diagram of Stonehenge, showing the Harri stone upright at the centre (Cornish < kres = centre, middle, faith, peace) of this architectural mandala monument
Stonehenge in Wiltshire as it appears today.
The Hindu representation of a 'standing stone' set within a hring (Hari) is Shiva's linga.
'Old Harri '(Harry) and his wife, on the Purbeck coast in Dorset.
Today linguists explain that the Basque word arima > life, soul, to have derived from Latin < anima life, the human soul, as opposed to animal the beast (best). The word arima is harima with the consonant 'h' omitted, which is a silent letter anyway in Basque, except in the north and omitted completely as a capital letter from Italian. As you will have noticed the word arima (harima) is two syllables ari + ma (Welsh < cymharu vb., pair ; cymharol adj., comparative). 'Ari' is the Arian noble (Aryas) honourable in respect of the lord Hari, Rudra / Shiva of the Vedas. [ Ari, Ara are prefixes arium, ari, ary, are suffixes] Italian < araldo, herald ; araldico, heraldic.
Ma is the ancient Sun goddess of the nomadic Sythian Sarmatians (Greek < Sauromatae) whom roamed the lands to the north and west of Pakistan,
N. India, Nepal and Bangladesh, the steppe lands of 'Sarmatia' (modern Russia, where like Scotland, Andrew is patron saint). Ma is also representative of this fertile rock on which we live, the magnificent material matter of the 'Mother Earth', the 3rd planet from the Sun.
In Chinese < CHI- 1, wife [har] ; ma, woman and ma, horse (Old Saxon < hros, horse). The magma is at the Heart of our world ; Parsi < mah moon ; Sanskrit < soma the Moon god / goddess; In Egyptian mythology 'Ma'at' is the goddess of truth ; Ma in combination with hari = the Latin < maris, mare, the sea that envelopes two thirds of our Earth's mantle. The Sun, Moon and Earth they are to this day, Sanskrit < ahar day ; Indonesian < hari day, matahari Sun ; Welsh < araul, sunlit ; Hungarian < Ma, today ; Mankind's three obvious protectors of our universe.
Ma is the ancient Sun goddess of the nomadic Sythian Sarmatians (Greek < Sauromatae) whom roamed the lands to the north and west of Pakistan,
N. India, Nepal and Bangladesh, the steppe lands of 'Sarmatia' (modern Russia, where like Scotland, Andrew is patron saint). Ma is also representative of this fertile rock on which we live, the magnificent material matter of the 'Mother Earth', the 3rd planet from the Sun.
In Chinese < CHI- 1, wife [har] ; ma, woman and ma, horse (Old Saxon < hros, horse). The magma is at the Heart of our world ; Parsi < mah moon ; Sanskrit < soma the Moon god / goddess; In Egyptian mythology 'Ma'at' is the goddess of truth ; Ma in combination with hari = the Latin < maris, mare, the sea that envelopes two thirds of our Earth's mantle. The Sun, Moon and Earth they are to this day, Sanskrit < ahar day ; Indonesian < hari day, matahari Sun ; Welsh < araul, sunlit ; Hungarian < Ma, today ; Mankind's three obvious protectors of our universe.
Linguistically Ma is the mother the 'mama' ; Latin < mamma breast. (in Georgian Mxedruli script mama is father). In the dictionary mama is explained away as being a child's first imitative utterance. The Romans' personification of their 'State' was the Etruscan goddess Roma (rho-ma) ; Italian < amor, LOVE ; mai, ever, always. The Basque Countries legends tell of the 'Spirit of Mari' that visits the stone circles but resides underground in limestone caves protecting her wealth of minerals (Aramaic < mamona riches ; Basque < harpe, grotto ; harpetar, caveman ; Sanskrit < kuhara m., cave, cavity). This poetical earthly / spiritual duality ma + hari has through myth, legend, literature and doctrine become personified as 'Maria' the mother of the anointed Christ (the chi-rho is symbolic of the 'Christ'). Latin, Italian, German, Spanish < Maria ; Greek < Mariam ; Irish, Welsh < Mari ; French < Marie. In Hebrew the now Christianised name Mary relates to the meaning, 'their rebellion'. To Roman Catholics there is a perceived association with Saint 'Mary' the 'Divine Mother' and the 'Sacred Heart'. Hari and Ma are the personified entities symbolically unified within language and married within the heart symbolism which represents 'the' loving unity. Traditionally a man and woman will exchange hrings at their marriage ceremony (ritual) wearing them on their 3rd finger of the left hand. Hungarian < harmadik, third ; haromagu, three cornered/pointed.
The human heart is so named as it is the centre of artery circulation (artery from Greek < aeirein, raise ; circulate, from Latin < circulari).
In Hindu, the maharishi is the head spiritual leader and is the title for a saint or sage ; 'Trimurti' < Hari-Hara and the one without forma. In India the 'heart' is regarded as the place of contact with Brahma the personification of 'the Absolute'. In Arabic < harama, to forbid.
The 'Christian Trinity' of the three in one is referred to as, "The Father, Son and Holy Ghost".
Armagh city in Northern Ireland (founded in legend by St Patrick) is the seat of Roman Catholic and Protestant archbishops. The National emblems of Ireland are the shamrock, seamar clover, having it's three heart shaped leaf, and also the triangular shaped musical instrument the harp.
Together we all harangue, (Italian < aringa, harangue ; ritrovo assembly; Spanish < arrimar to bring together) crowding in a group we are together for a winter's celebration during the time (Greek < chronos time) of the longest night in the ancient 10th month ('X') Decembre. Welsh < cymanfa nf., festival ; In English we call this winter festival "Christmas", Xmas a time of anticipation before a new beginning when the Sun (Sol, Hari) will again hrise, bringing us "Out of the shadow of darkness (ombra) and into the light" (vision, Vishnu). Redemption is the promise of new life (arima / anima) in our World by the third month of March (1st of March is the Christian St David's Day and 'Aries' (Ars) is the first sign of the Astrological Zodiac) or even by May ; Mai ; Maj ; Italian < mai, ever, always ; maio, m., green, bough, bunch, from Latin < maja ; from Sanskrit < mahi, the 'Great One' the Earth. The 1st May throughout Europe is the peoples Day, the *workers Day. The month of May is the fifth (pent) month and marks the half year 'Summer Solstice' in an original ten month annual cycle. The word solstice refers to the Sun (Sol) standing still. At mid day on the longest day the sun does appear to stand stiil over head; ( Old English < stan, stone + Latin < stare, to stand ; hence the Italian < stare [st'are], to stand, to remain, stationary ; stella f., star ; Greek < stela, stele, a stone slab). Basque < ari *work, bihar tomorrow, biharamum the day after tomorrow ( "the third day" ) Hebrew < Mahar, tomorrow ; Italian < altrieri m., [al-tri-a'ri] the day before yesterday ; Welsh < dyth Mawrth, Tuesday, 'the third day of the week' ; Mawrth, Mars, March ; March 'the third month' and not forgetting of course that Mars is the 'red' planet. Mars is known to be the Roman god of War, but previously was known to have been a god of agriculture. Ares is known to have been the Greek's war god. Compare these following associations:- Sanskrit < dhariman balance (libra); dharma the natural law ; Welsh < cymhareb nf., ratio ; cymhariaeth nf., comparison ; cymar, partner ; Basque < argi light ; harribitxi precious stone, rock > Harri ; trading relationships / intercourse harreman ; Slovenian < dragocen, precious ; Sanskrit < Hari, precious, green, yellow ; the 'Hari Mandir' is the eternal throne, in Sikhism this is the 'Golden Temple'. In Hrvatska (Croatian) < hram temple.
The 'oldest road in Britain' is the 'Harroway' (har-ro-way) which is an ancient track in the south of England. The naming of this road is said to be an association with the Old English < hearg weg, the way to the shrine ; the track is thought to perhaps date from the Neolithic period, when it was used as the overland 'Tin trade' route from Devon to Rochester Kent.
Ultimately, everything on this Earthly maria is made from this Earth arima and this is the philosophical reasoning captured, albeit subliminal, by the deliberate 'Arian Language Code' and the universal symbolism of unity, the HEART. With mathema being the Greek word for knowledge, from whence we get mathematic and the related arithmetic, algebra, to multiply x = many. The powerful Arian code all adds up, as hard as that may at first appear. The word good derives from 'god' to bring together ; Cornish < mas, good ; marth, wonder, marvel ; Welsh < hardd, goody. Gold is a most precious yellow (hari) ore from the earth and by marriage we celebrate unity with a gold hring placed on the third finger. The masculine triangle is the horn of the mountain, the massif, the highest place on Earth ; in Italian < the cima ; maschio, manly noble. The breasts of the nourishing feminine 'Mother' are the mammary and the triangle represents a matrix the womb. The letter 'm' is deliberately placed as the 13th letter of our Roman Alphabet, for there are 13 lunar moons annually ; Sanskrit < mas, moon ; Old Persian < Mah f., moon ; Tirolerisch < Man, moon ; Greek < men, month ; Latin < mensis, month ; Cornish/Breton < men m., stone ; Latin < omen, lucky or unlucky?
Everything, yes everything is made of this rock (Italian < masso m. rock ; Polish < rok, year) we are this earth (heart) ; Latin < anima is a reference to being animated rock, life of this World, it protects and defends us, as we protect it in harmony?
Hence the Latin < arma hands and arms, armada the army ; Italian < ma, my ; Danish < har, have ; Old English < here = army, harry (raid, ravage, rob, harass, harm) ; Slovenian > hraber, brave ; Welsh < mahar, spear (spire). In Germany, this personal name Harimann means warrior and Harimanna is the name for a maiden warrior. Hungarian < harci, battle, war ; Croatian < harati, rage, be rife, devastate ; from Latin < devasta're, lay to waste completely. The word armistice, like the word solstice (the 'star' sol, solar) it is also a reference to standing still, in this sense to the army (arma) standing still, no more fighting. Now today we can see a resemblance as a 'War Memorial' is the replica (Latin < replic'are) of the ancient 'harri' standing stone.
In English Harriman names the lizard, dragon ; French < lezard nm., lizard ; nf., lezarde, crack ; in Greek < sauros lizard, dinosaur (deinos terrible + sauros lizard). The Lizard is metaphorically speaking both a Dragon and a Sun worshiper ; Italian < lucertola, lizard, ramarro, lizard ; Austrian/Tirolerisch < Haradaxl, lizard ; Welsh < madfall, lizard. The nomadic (Greek, Latin < nomas, grazing ; Italian < mandriano m., herdsman) Sauromatae were the Ancient Scythian / Arian worshipers of the Sun, Moon, and the Mother (matter) Earth.
Basque legend has it that in the Neolithic age there was living side by side with the Basques a race of giants who had invented metallurgy and had introduced to them the growing of corn. These giants were the 'Jentillak' (the pre-Christian jentil, gentile, 'Pagan'). The Basque bestiary (beste-ari) tells of the 'Lizard' known as 'Dahu' who has legs longer on one side than the other so to aid walking on the mountain sides. Interestingly there is this word > dahuka in Sanskrit and it means burning ; in Basque < erre, burn ; erre, is the masculine letter 'R' ; ar, cock, erect, penis. Down the centuries up to this day the Basques hold bonfire festivals in mid-summer and curiously enough in their Christian graveyards, where the graves would elsewhere normally face to the east, their gravestones face to the south and are circular-headed facing towards the noon meridian. Archeologically this form of traditional Basque gravestone bearing scenes of figures and 'Sun' symbolism dates to c. 4,500 years ago.
Herodoti Historeiae
Herodotus (c.485 - c.425 BC.) Is the Greek historian who is regarded by scholars as to be the first true historian. He provides an insight into his contemporary Mediterranean World in the book 'Herodoti Historeiae'. His main theme was the struggle of Greece against the might of the Persian Empire during the Persian Wars. He also writes of the 'Arimaspi' describing them as "a one-eyed and fierce people inhabiting the most northern region in the world. Waging a perpetual warfare with the neighbouring griffins, for their hoarded gold" ; Herodotus further explains that this information he had learned from a poem the Greeks called 'The Arimaspeia', which had been written by Aristeast ; he further says the name Arimaspi is a compound of the Scythian < arima, one and spu, eye.
The Sauromatae, were to the Greeks the 'Lizard' people, the 'Dragons' ; to the Romans they are the Sarmatians. These nomadic people from the steppe lands of Sarmatia (Russia) had spoke a Persian language, were a wealthy confederacy, their mercenary fighting force were cavalry bowmen, wearing scale arma into battle and they flew the 'Draco' as their battle standard (Persian/Arabic < sarm, harm ; Sanskrit < sara, arrow ; ari, enemy, enemies).
The Draco was adopted by the Roman Army after the eventual defeat of the Sarmatians in Pannonia (Hungry and Slovenia) in AD.175 ; 5,000 of these Sarmatian forces were sent to Britain as mercenaries attached to the Roman Army, many were based at 'Deva' (Chester) on the Welsh border and also positioned at Hadrian's Wall, defending and protecting the most northern frontier (limit, limes) of the Roman Empire. The National emblem of Wales is the 'Red Dragon', Y Ddraig Goch Goch. The city emblem of Ljubljana, which is the capital of Slovenia, is also a Dragon.
The photograph below is of a stone/rock lizard, Greek < krokodrilos.
Illustrated here is the Scythian/Sarmatian 'ma' symbol, it is present today also as number 3 'tri' and the letter 'm' for mother.
The HEART (Hart) shaped leaf of the 'Linden Tree'.
The Linden tree is native to the temperate northern hemisphere ; Latin scientific name Tilia vulgaris, which is the common British species. The naming of all plants tells us a story, a legend of our human relationship with nature and most certainly that experienced by our earlier ancestor's in their agricultural environment. The 'Linden' tree or 'Lime' tree lives for many 100s of years, if not for 1000s and across Europe it carries many legends by its association. It can grow incredibly high, while in spring and summertime bearing the recognizably 'Heart' shaped leaves and fragrant yellow flowers. In Slavic languages this tree is referred to as the 'Holy Tree'. The name Tilia relates to Old English < tilian, strive for, to work the land raising crops by ploughing ; from where we derive the Modern English < till, tillage, land that is tillable. In the Latin terminology, vulgaris < common, ordinary ; the common people who would work the land as opposed to being the aristocracy. Those Neolithic agriculturists with their art (cunning, from Old English < cunnan, to know how ; Old Icelandic < kunna, know ; German < Art, species) gave us language and a legacy of food crop cultivation and harvest ; Slovenian / Croatian (Hrvatska) < hrana, food. In the Hungarian Ugric language the Lime tree is named Harsfa, Linden tree ; hars, lime ; Old English < lynde, lind, lime ; lindwigend m., warrior ; Cornish < kalgh, [kalx] lime ; kalgh, [kalx] PENIS ; kylgh m., circle.
The young new leaves of the 'Harebell' are heart shaped.
The star shaped flowers of the Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)
Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia). The 'Harebell' is also referred to as the 'Hairbell', or otherwise it is the true 'Bluebell' in Scotland, although it is actually a shade of purple in colour ; abundant on pastures and heath in SW England, NW Scotland and Ireland, where it is seen in flower from May through to September. nb. Italian < chioma, f., man's hair, ringlet, curl ; mane ; foliage.
In southern England some ancient Roman roads are called 'Hare Street', having the associated meaning of 'Army Street' (Old English < here, army). One example of a Hare Street is the A12 from London on route to Chelmsford, where it passes between Harold Hill and Harold Wood in the Borough of Havering. Nearby there is the remains of a Roman army camp known as 'Durolitum'. Many prominant hills in Britain are also named 'Hare Hill'.
In southern England some ancient Roman roads are called 'Hare Street', having the associated meaning of 'Army Street' (Old English < here, army). One example of a Hare Street is the A12 from London on route to Chelmsford, where it passes between Harold Hill and Harold Wood in the Borough of Havering. Nearby there is the remains of a Roman army camp known as 'Durolitum'. Many prominant hills in Britain are also named 'Hare Hill'.
In our historic culture these heart shaped leaves of the fragrant (aroma) flowering 'Lime' tree and the purple/blue flowering wild 'Harebell' represent the Hari = Ma duality. The Hungarian name for the Harebell is Harangvirag ; (Albanian < makth, young hare ; Old English < hara, hare) the Latin name is Campanula rotundifolia. In the ultima Thule (to the Greeks and Romans the northernmost region of the World) the 'Sun' and 'Earth' which are symbolised by the Heart > [ heat, hearth, earth, heart ]. In Polish < hart, fortitude, brave.; Slovenian < hrabrost, courage > the word courage is derived from Latin < cor, heart.
The 'Heart shaped' leaves and purple flowers of the Cyclamen a plant native to the Mediterranean.
'Theophrastus' a Greek philosopher (student of Aristotle, whom I mentioned earlier) was the first person to categorize a list of 'phrasis' naming the fruit and plant names, recording them by the names from which they were known to the apothecary (pharmacy) of the anciet Greeks. These plant names often described plants as gifts from the gods ('Theo') those names are still with us today. Many of the names given to a wide variety of the European plants bearing 'Heart shaped' leaves can help to explain and endorse the early origin of the Heart symbolism:-
The Cyclamen is a plant of the Primrose family. The name derives from Greek < kyklaminos ; Latin name Cyclamen purpurascens ; English name Sow-bread. The naming of this plant deriving from Greek < kvyklos, circle, ring + minos, from 'Minos' a mythological King of Crete. In Greek mythology Minos was the son of Europa and Zeus who at his death was consigned to judge human souls (arima). Minos designating the Minoan civilization an advanced prehistoric Asiatic culture in Crete c.3000 - c.1100 BC. The prosperity of Bronze Age Crete was based on trade and seafaring.
One significant trade was in the production of a purple dye from the 'Murex' a marine rock-snail, a name which was, so it appears, first recorded by Aristotle, then later it became known as the Murex brandaris.
The prefix Mu in Murex deriving from the Semitic < mem, M / m, meaning water, this letter became the 12th letter of the Greek alphabet as < M / m, mu, then via the Etruscan alphabet to become the Latin letter M / m ; m is for mater, mother ; Old Irish < mathir, mother ; the Greek < kvyklos, became the Latin < cycla, circle. (nb., Latin < men, moon ; Breton / Cornish < men, stone ; Cornish < mab-den m., mankind ; Welsh < maen nm., stone ; mam nf., mother ; menyw nf., woman.)
The common Primrose 'Primulaceae Vulgaris' is one of the first flowers in Spring ; Armenian < arachi, first ; Italian < 'Primavera',Spring ; prima, before + vera, truth, vera'ce, truthful. The Latin family name is 'Primula' ; Italian < Pri'mula, the Primrose ; from Pri < prima [pre'ma] before, formerly ; primato m. supremacy + mula f. mule ; from Latin < mulus, mule (thought possibly to have derived from Phocian Greek < mychlos, male domesticated ass). The ass is a small and speedy, long eared, wild horse, native of mountainous and desert areas of Asia, it has been used by humans since before 3000 BC. The Primula is a flowering herb which by it's naming indicates a time in prehistory prior to the hybrid, inter cross breeding of a horse (Old English < hros, horse) with an ass to produce the hardy mule. The fact is that the Primula Vulgaris, the common Primrose, has leaves shaped like ears (auris) and yellow flowers having five 'heart' shaped petals, indicative of the hari and ma 'Sun' symbolism ; compare, Slovenian < primaren, primary ; vera, religion, belief, faith ; Italian < margherita, daisy. In the mythology of the ancient Germanic peoples, the Primrose was sacred to the mother fertility goddess Freyja, who had a passion for Gold. Freyja and Frigga may be the same deity, however Friday (Old English < frigedaeg) which is our day of 'Love', is named after her (Modern German < ihr, her ; Dutch < haar, her).
The Cyclamen is a plant of the Primrose family. The name derives from Greek < kyklaminos ; Latin name Cyclamen purpurascens ; English name Sow-bread. The naming of this plant deriving from Greek < kvyklos, circle, ring + minos, from 'Minos' a mythological King of Crete. In Greek mythology Minos was the son of Europa and Zeus who at his death was consigned to judge human souls (arima). Minos designating the Minoan civilization an advanced prehistoric Asiatic culture in Crete c.3000 - c.1100 BC. The prosperity of Bronze Age Crete was based on trade and seafaring.
One significant trade was in the production of a purple dye from the 'Murex' a marine rock-snail, a name which was, so it appears, first recorded by Aristotle, then later it became known as the Murex brandaris.
The prefix Mu in Murex deriving from the Semitic < mem, M / m, meaning water, this letter became the 12th letter of the Greek alphabet as < M / m, mu, then via the Etruscan alphabet to become the Latin letter M / m ; m is for mater, mother ; Old Irish < mathir, mother ; the Greek < kvyklos, became the Latin < cycla, circle. (nb., Latin < men, moon ; Breton / Cornish < men, stone ; Cornish < mab-den m., mankind ; Welsh < maen nm., stone ; mam nf., mother ; menyw nf., woman.)
The common Primrose 'Primulaceae Vulgaris' is one of the first flowers in Spring ; Armenian < arachi, first ; Italian < 'Primavera',Spring ; prima, before + vera, truth, vera'ce, truthful. The Latin family name is 'Primula' ; Italian < Pri'mula, the Primrose ; from Pri < prima [pre'ma] before, formerly ; primato m. supremacy + mula f. mule ; from Latin < mulus, mule (thought possibly to have derived from Phocian Greek < mychlos, male domesticated ass). The ass is a small and speedy, long eared, wild horse, native of mountainous and desert areas of Asia, it has been used by humans since before 3000 BC. The Primula is a flowering herb which by it's naming indicates a time in prehistory prior to the hybrid, inter cross breeding of a horse (Old English < hros, horse) with an ass to produce the hardy mule. The fact is that the Primula Vulgaris, the common Primrose, has leaves shaped like ears (auris) and yellow flowers having five 'heart' shaped petals, indicative of the hari and ma 'Sun' symbolism ; compare, Slovenian < primaren, primary ; vera, religion, belief, faith ; Italian < margherita, daisy. In the mythology of the ancient Germanic peoples, the Primrose was sacred to the mother fertility goddess Freyja, who had a passion for Gold. Freyja and Frigga may be the same deity, however Friday (Old English < frigedaeg) which is our day of 'Love', is named after her (Modern German < ihr, her ; Dutch < haar, her).
'Primulaceae Vulgaris' the common Primrose has 'Heart' shaped yellow petals
The Shamrock, Oxalis Corniculata, or 'Sleeping Beauty'.
The Shamrock, Latin name Oxalis Corniculata < [Oxalis, sauro + Cornicula, horn-cradle] ; English name 'Sleeping Beauty' the Wood Sorrel, recorded as 'Alleluia' in a 13th century Salerno manuscipt ; scientific name Acetosella. Latin family name Oxalis ; from Greek < oxalis, sharp, sour, acid ; Italian < sauro, sorrel ; Sanskrit < saura, sun. In Italian < agro, sour, acid, sharp, severe; agronomo m. agriculturist ; Corni + culata > corni, cornu, point, end, horn, a hard casing on a seed, corn ; culatta f. cradle, breech of a firearm ; culla f. cradle ; therefore a 'Corniculata' = 'horn cradle' (see the cuneiform sign for mountain). Italian < corniola, cornelian stone ; Latin < cor, heart. Here is a well known phrase "rotten to the core". The word corner, a point in an angle, derives from Latin < cornua, point, end, horn : The Cornish, cornered.
Clover 'Subterraneous Trefoil' and the Hollyhock 'Holy Mallow'.
The Heart leaf Clover. Genus Trifolium. The above picture (left) shows a variety of Clover named Trifolium Subterraneum. English name 'Subterraneous' Trefoil. This particular clover bears a patterning resembling that of the harri and ma symbolism within it's heart shaped trefoil leaves. There are many types of Clover, although not all have heart shaped leaves, it is grown as a fodder for domestic dairy animals. Fodder, food ; Croatian
< hraniti, feed ; Old Slavic < pasti, feed ; German < Nahrung, food ; French < manger, eat ; Welsh < ebran nm., fodder ; maeth, nourishment ; meithrin, nourish ; Cornish < maga, nourish, raise ; pasti, feed ; Modern English < pasty, the Cornish pasty, the traditional food of the Tin miners.
The Hollyhock, Genus Malvaceae. See the above picture (right) which shows a young leaf of a Hollyhock. The English name Hollyhock is derived from Old English < halig, holy + hoc, mallow, 'Holy Mallow'. Scientific name Althaea rosea (Greek < altheo, healing) the 'Noble Rose'. The Hollyhock and the Common Mallow plants have Heart shaped petals making their pale purple flowers, the colour is called mauve, derived from Latin < malva. In Italian the botanical name is 'Bismalva' ; note also that in Italian a bischero is a penis ; malo, bad, ill ; Greek < molochitis lithos, 'mallow stone' > malache, mallow, malachite. Malachite is Copper Carbonate ore, easily identified by its bright emerald green colour. 'Malachi' (a prophet) the last book of the Old Testament probably written c. 460 BC. The mature Hollyhock, which is a natural sun lover, has a flowering spire six to eight feet tall, or even taller and supports large star shaped leaves. At the centre of the flower and very conspicuous is the pistil (as can be seen in the photograph below) New Latin < pistillum, pestle, which is the plants reproductive organs.
The mature 'Holy Mallow', the Hollyhock.
The Heart shaped mauve petals of the Common Mallow
The Haricot bean (French bean).
The French bean, or Haricot bean has Heart shaped germination leaves.
The Haricot, a dried bean.
The French kidney bean plant (pulse, butter bean) has a pair of heart shaped germination leaves (Latin / Italian < germina're, to sprout ) the later mature leaves are trifoliate (Welsh < aren, kidney ; Hindi < rajma, red kidney beans). The name 'Haricot' [ariko] is used to describe a dried mature kidney shaped bean. This name haricot derives from the French name for the bean, a French kidney bean. These ariko beans are seemingly a physical representation of the symbolism drawn from the Harri/Hari/Ma sundial geometry (see diagram 2. and photo at 7. above). French < cote nf., (classification) mark ; cote, nf., [kot] hill ; cote a cote, side by side ; cote nm., [kote] side ; a cote de, next to ; coterie, circle of friends, a tenant farmers' association. Italian < cote f., [ko'te] a whetstone for sharpening knives ; cotesti, this man ; cottimante m., contracted worker, jobber ; cotidiano, daily ; English < cot, cradle for a baby, derived from Hindi < khat, a hammock, bed ; Slovenian < kot, angle, corner ; English < cot, a hollow in the ground, a lair, a den, a recess ; cotter, a pin, bolt, or wedge inserted through a hole to hold parts together ; a rod, that is projecting through a hole, a 'cotter-pin' ; cottar, a farm worker who holds a cottage rent free, cotter a cottage, derived from the Scandinavian < kot, a peasant farmers hut, cottage ; cote, a shelter for sheep (Italian < mandra f., flock, sheep fold, or doves ; Welsh < maharen nm., ram) ; Cornish < tre, farmstead, village ; chi, house, building ; Italian < chiesa f., church,"The house of God". Flowering Plants with two germination seed leaves are known as dicots, (cotyledons) from Greek < dikotyledon, dicotyledon, a cup-shaped hollow ; di- twofold, two ; kotyle, cup.
Hollyhock seedlings are dicots.
The spayed ends of the cotter-pin resemble the sign 'Ma', with Hari being the pin.
The distinctive HEART shaped leaves of 'Morning Glory'.
Morning Glory, with its distinctive Heart shaped leaves, is of the 'Bindweed' family Convolvulaceae. Throughout summer flowers opening in the morning sunshine and withering by the middle of the day. Convolvulus, from Latin < convolvo, together entwined, bound together as companions ; Latin < con- with, together + volvere, turn, to revolve, travel in a circle ; involvere, envelope, surround, roll into one (Scythian < arima, one) to include, intricate, involved. The ancient masculine and feminine 'Sun' symbolism is seen and identified in the descriptive naming of this particular herb. Italian < convolare, to marry again. The more common fragrant Convolvulus arvensis is the 'Field' Bindweed.
Dicentra spectabilis, or otherwise known as the bleeding-heart, the heart of Maria.
Dicentra spectabilis, family of plants Fumariaceae, order Ranunculaes (Ra-nun-culaes), class Magnoliopsida.
This plant thrives in sun (chiaro) or shade (ombra) a native to eastern Asia. Dicentra from the Greek < di- , double, + kentron, a point. The Latin name for the genus is Dicentra, in a word di, day + centra, centre, as of a circle ; spectabilis, seeing a remarkable sight, related to spectare, see, behold, apparition ; related to French < spectre, an image, vision, ghost ; specter, a ghost, an object of dread ; Italian < fantasma m.,spectre ; specula, f., observatory. This plant is percieved as both a visual and grammatical allegorical description of the mid-summer's day 'Ma / Harri-stone' Heart Symbolism as it was previously witnessed. Today in France the plant is called the 'coure de Maria', the heart of Maria.
This plant thrives in sun (chiaro) or shade (ombra) a native to eastern Asia. Dicentra from the Greek < di- , double, + kentron, a point. The Latin name for the genus is Dicentra, in a word di, day + centra, centre, as of a circle ; spectabilis, seeing a remarkable sight, related to spectare, see, behold, apparition ; related to French < spectre, an image, vision, ghost ; specter, a ghost, an object of dread ; Italian < fantasma m.,spectre ; specula, f., observatory. This plant is percieved as both a visual and grammatical allegorical description of the mid-summer's day 'Ma / Harri-stone' Heart Symbolism as it was previously witnessed. Today in France the plant is called the 'coure de Maria', the heart of Maria.
The heart shaped leaves and purple flowers of the 'Violaceae Hirta'
The Violet, Violaceae Odorata, is the scented 'Sweet Violet' ; Violaeae Hirta, the 'Hairy Violet', only it does not have hairs. It is the hari (arma, army) violet. Italian < viola, violet ; violare [viola're] to violate ; violato, violated, of a violet colour ; Slovenian < vijolica, violet; vijolicast, violet colour ;
cast, honour ; cas, time ; and once again in Italian < fama [fa'ma] f. honour, fame ; onore m. honour ; puro, pure. The colour associated with the Roman Emperor (imperare, to command) and the 'Roman Empire' is understood to be 'Purple' (Violet) > purple, porpora ; imporporare, in purple; imporre, to impose, to order, to deceive. Italian < massima f., maxim, rule ; mastro, master ; altiero [al-tia'ro] noble, highness ; re [re'] m., king.
cast, honour ; cas, time ; and once again in Italian < fama [fa'ma] f. honour, fame ; onore m. honour ; puro, pure. The colour associated with the Roman Emperor (imperare, to command) and the 'Roman Empire' is understood to be 'Purple' (Violet) > purple, porpora ; imporporare, in purple; imporre, to impose, to order, to deceive. Italian < massima f., maxim, rule ; mastro, master ; altiero [al-tia'ro] noble, highness ; re [re'] m., king.
The 'Buttercup', Ranunculus bulbosus, has these Heart shaped petals.
The eight petalled sunshine flowers together with the heart shaped leaves of 'Ranunculus Ficaria'.
The lesser Celandine, Ranunculus Ficaria. English name 'Pilewort', it is unrelated to the Greater Celandine. The genus 'Ranunculus' describes the Buttercup family. This Latin name tells of 'Ra' the sun god + nunculus, ambassador ; Italian < nunzio, nuncio, ambassador. The Buttercup and the lesser Celandine are seen to be the ambassadors of the Sun (Sanskrit < maricin, sun). All Buttercups and Celandines have golden yellow flowers, however, only the Ranunculus Ficaria has these 'Heart' shaped leaves (Sanskrit < Hrid, heart). The Latin < 'Ficaria', Italian < ficcare, to drive in ; English < 'Pile', arrow or dart ; from the Old English meaning of, stake, shaft, spike ; from Latin < pilum, lance, javelin, a Roman Soldier's spear (spire, Welsh < mahar, spear) ; Medieval Latin < pilare, drive in piles, to fasten with nails. A 'Wort' is a herb, a root ; Italian < erba, herb ; erbario, herbal.
The tomb headstone of a Roman Cavalryman ; perhaps that of a Sarmatian Auxiliary.
The allegorical image of the Romanized George killing the Pagan Dragon.
St 'George' is a name derived from the Greek < geo, of the earth; George is a masculine name with the meaning of, a landholder ; St George, the patron saint of agriculture. Formed in our English language from the Greek < geo, in a similar way to that of the Greek < theo, god, + ology (ology from logos, word) = theology, the speaking of and the writings of a study of god, man and the universe. The terminology geo, earth + ology (logos, word) is the studying of the rocks of this 'Earth' ; Old English < hrus, earth ; Sanskrit < dharitri f., earth, supporter ; ashma, stone ; Hebrew < adama, earth, adam, red. Adam is the Biblical name for the first man. The Old Irish first name Arthur m., has the underlying meaning > Stone.
Likewise in the legendary naming of "the once and 'future' king", King 'Arthur', this is derived from the Welsh < arddwr, ploughman ; aradr, plough ; ar, arable ; tir, land, ground, territory ; tirol, relating to the land ; tirion, gracious (Welsh < dd = th in English) ; Medieval Latin < terrarius, of earth ; Cornish < arader, plough; aras, to plough ; arta, again, on a future occasion ; Italian < aratro, plough ; aratore, ploughman ; Greek < arotron, plough ; arktikos, of the Bear ; In the Basque language the word hartz, means a Bear (Zoo) ; Irish < art, Bear ; Welsh < arth, Bear ; these are all in reference to a previous conception of the northern constellation 'Ursua Major' the Big Bear, which in Britain today is still known in popular folk law as 'The Plough' constellation.
Q., "And from this agronomo cultivated Earth came"? A., "Wealth" !
My, how those early British farmers must have given those Romans some 'agro'!
Compare Polish < rolni, agriculture ; rolnik m., farmer.
St 'Piran' is the Cornish patron saint of 'Tin Miners'. This name Piran appertains specifically to the metal mineral ore miners and is yet another allegorical explanation ; Cornish legend has it that saint Piran had observed molten tin running from a stone placed in the hot hearth of his fireplace. This (ardent) molten tin flowed to form a white or silver (arian) cross against the blackened stone, a phenomenon that is now symbolised by the Cornish flag ; Cornish < arwoedth, sign, symbol. The Greek word for fire is pyr ; pyra, a hearth where fire is kindled ; pyro, caused by fire. This word entered Latin also as pyro- , fire ; Italian < pira, funeral pile. Greek < pyrites lithos, stone of fire, flint. Pyrite is a more general term for the ore of copper + iron called copper sulphide. In the 'Bronze Age', trading in tin and copper extended from Britain and Northern Spain (the Spanish / 'Basque Country' is in a part of the 'Pyrenees Mountains') to the Aegean Islands. It was this promise of mineral wealth, that eventually encouraged the invasion of Britain by the Romans in AD.43.
Our language speaks to us of those long past millennia (Roman numeral M, 1,000). These words that once were voiced by the early farmers and miners to explain their beliefs, and aspirations. Contained in the history of these words of communication is the story of a transition from a so called 'Pagan' understanding through these allegories to the doctrinal dominance of the later 'Romanized' way of life.
Likewise in the legendary naming of "the once and 'future' king", King 'Arthur', this is derived from the Welsh < arddwr, ploughman ; aradr, plough ; ar, arable ; tir, land, ground, territory ; tirol, relating to the land ; tirion, gracious (Welsh < dd = th in English) ; Medieval Latin < terrarius, of earth ; Cornish < arader, plough; aras, to plough ; arta, again, on a future occasion ; Italian < aratro, plough ; aratore, ploughman ; Greek < arotron, plough ; arktikos, of the Bear ; In the Basque language the word hartz, means a Bear (Zoo) ; Irish < art, Bear ; Welsh < arth, Bear ; these are all in reference to a previous conception of the northern constellation 'Ursua Major' the Big Bear, which in Britain today is still known in popular folk law as 'The Plough' constellation.
Q., "And from this agronomo cultivated Earth came"? A., "Wealth" !
My, how those early British farmers must have given those Romans some 'agro'!
Compare Polish < rolni, agriculture ; rolnik m., farmer.
St 'Piran' is the Cornish patron saint of 'Tin Miners'. This name Piran appertains specifically to the metal mineral ore miners and is yet another allegorical explanation ; Cornish legend has it that saint Piran had observed molten tin running from a stone placed in the hot hearth of his fireplace. This (ardent) molten tin flowed to form a white or silver (arian) cross against the blackened stone, a phenomenon that is now symbolised by the Cornish flag ; Cornish < arwoedth, sign, symbol. The Greek word for fire is pyr ; pyra, a hearth where fire is kindled ; pyro, caused by fire. This word entered Latin also as pyro- , fire ; Italian < pira, funeral pile. Greek < pyrites lithos, stone of fire, flint. Pyrite is a more general term for the ore of copper + iron called copper sulphide. In the 'Bronze Age', trading in tin and copper extended from Britain and Northern Spain (the Spanish / 'Basque Country' is in a part of the 'Pyrenees Mountains') to the Aegean Islands. It was this promise of mineral wealth, that eventually encouraged the invasion of Britain by the Romans in AD.43.
Our language speaks to us of those long past millennia (Roman numeral M, 1,000). These words that once were voiced by the early farmers and miners to explain their beliefs, and aspirations. Contained in the history of these words of communication is the story of a transition from a so called 'Pagan' understanding through these allegories to the doctrinal dominance of the later 'Romanized' way of life.
The Heart shaped leaves of the herb 'Rhubarb'.
The Rhubarb is yet another plant that has distinctively Heart shaped leaves but also having a linguistic connection with Sarmatia.
Rhubarb root when ground to a paste and taken internally is a purgative. The herb which grew along the banks of the River 'Rha' was favoured by the Greeks and later the Romans to purge and purify their intestines. In medieval times Rhubarb was known as Russian Rhubarb.
The name Rhubarb is derived from the Greek < Rha, rhubarb. 'Rha' is also the ancient name for the 'River Volga' in Sarmatia (Russia). The River Rha flows into the Mare Caspium (Caspian Sea). Rha was prefixed to another Greek / Roman word, barbaros, foreign, rude, barbarian, to give the later Latin word for Rhubarb, Rha + barbarum, Rhabarbarum ; Rha is a term which was used to describe both the plant and the 'Volga River' (Latin < volgus, vulgar). The word barbarian, came into English from Old French < barbarin ; Medieval Latin < barbaria, foreign country ; literally the unfamiliar sound of foreign tongues ; this is an English phrase for babble, chattering, "rhubarb-rhubarb-rhubarb..." ; Middle English < barbariene, heathen ; in Basque the herb Rhubarb is known as Arabarba. A people known as the Mari, are a community of whom it is said are recognized as the first people in the Rha / Volga region. The Russian word 'Volga' is relative to the Old Mari name for this river, which is, 'Volgydo' < 'bright' ; Rha, was also the Scythian name for the river ('Rha', possibly having a similar origin to 'Ra' the sun and 'Chi-Rho' the sun and earth ; Sanskrit < 'Raj', shining, radiant ; Slovenian < raj, paradise). The Mari are a people of whom it is now recognized had been the first people in the Volga region. It is thought that it is from the lower reaches of the River Rha, the cradle (culla) of the Proto-Indo- European civilization began. This ethnic naming of 'Mari' is the name these people have designated for themselves and is thought to have comparisons with Indo-Arian < mar, man.
Rhubarb root when ground to a paste and taken internally is a purgative. The herb which grew along the banks of the River 'Rha' was favoured by the Greeks and later the Romans to purge and purify their intestines. In medieval times Rhubarb was known as Russian Rhubarb.
The name Rhubarb is derived from the Greek < Rha, rhubarb. 'Rha' is also the ancient name for the 'River Volga' in Sarmatia (Russia). The River Rha flows into the Mare Caspium (Caspian Sea). Rha was prefixed to another Greek / Roman word, barbaros, foreign, rude, barbarian, to give the later Latin word for Rhubarb, Rha + barbarum, Rhabarbarum ; Rha is a term which was used to describe both the plant and the 'Volga River' (Latin < volgus, vulgar). The word barbarian, came into English from Old French < barbarin ; Medieval Latin < barbaria, foreign country ; literally the unfamiliar sound of foreign tongues ; this is an English phrase for babble, chattering, "rhubarb-rhubarb-rhubarb..." ; Middle English < barbariene, heathen ; in Basque the herb Rhubarb is known as Arabarba. A people known as the Mari, are a community of whom it is said are recognized as the first people in the Rha / Volga region. The Russian word 'Volga' is relative to the Old Mari name for this river, which is, 'Volgydo' < 'bright' ; Rha, was also the Scythian name for the river ('Rha', possibly having a similar origin to 'Ra' the sun and 'Chi-Rho' the sun and earth ; Sanskrit < 'Raj', shining, radiant ; Slovenian < raj, paradise). The Mari are a people of whom it is now recognized had been the first people in the Volga region. It is thought that it is from the lower reaches of the River Rha, the cradle (culla) of the Proto-Indo- European civilization began. This ethnic naming of 'Mari' is the name these people have designated for themselves and is thought to have comparisons with Indo-Arian < mar, man.
This map shows the 'River Rha' in the lands known to the Romans as Sarmatia.
Arum lily. This plant family having arrow or heart shaped leaves.
Arum lily ; family Araceae.
The plants of this family having heart or arrow shaped leaves and an erect flower spike.
Arum maculatum ; This Euro / Asian wild plant is so named owing to its flowering spike (which is purple) and the spotty arrow shaped (triangular)leaves. Latin < macula, spot ; Italian < macula, macchia, spot ; machiato, spotted. ; cula, cradle. There is also the yellow flowering non-spotty leaved variety Arum neglectum, and the larger relation Arum Italicum, the later of which, according to botanical references has leaves firstly appearing in November / December, with its flower spike opening in June. This plant is common to the coastal areas of southern Britain, from Cornwall to Sussex. 'Arum', a Latin name, developed it is said, from a Greek naming but known in Britain by these more commonly used names :- Cuckoo-pintle, (Cuckoo-pint) Priest's-pintle, Lords and Ladies, Wake-robin and Calves-foot. A pintle or pint is a noun for > a pin or bolt, which is a word developed from Old English < pintle, penis ; Welsh < pinto, hoelio, pin ; so it is in folk law representative of a 'Priest's penis', a menhir standing stone. In Italian < aruspice m., augur, diviner, HARSPX ; arruvidire, to grow stiff ; arruffianare, to couple ; arruginire, to rust ; arruffare, to ruffle the hair ; note that in Middle English < har, hair, hari, hairy. Similarly named plants are of the genus Arisaema, these are hermaphrodite, being both male and female. Italian < maschio, male, manly ; noble ; massaia, house-wife.
The Rose, Rosa, Rosaceae.
The plants of this family having heart or arrow shaped leaves and an erect flower spike.
Arum maculatum ; This Euro / Asian wild plant is so named owing to its flowering spike (which is purple) and the spotty arrow shaped (triangular)leaves. Latin < macula, spot ; Italian < macula, macchia, spot ; machiato, spotted. ; cula, cradle. There is also the yellow flowering non-spotty leaved variety Arum neglectum, and the larger relation Arum Italicum, the later of which, according to botanical references has leaves firstly appearing in November / December, with its flower spike opening in June. This plant is common to the coastal areas of southern Britain, from Cornwall to Sussex. 'Arum', a Latin name, developed it is said, from a Greek naming but known in Britain by these more commonly used names :- Cuckoo-pintle, (Cuckoo-pint) Priest's-pintle, Lords and Ladies, Wake-robin and Calves-foot. A pintle or pint is a noun for > a pin or bolt, which is a word developed from Old English < pintle, penis ; Welsh < pinto, hoelio, pin ; so it is in folk law representative of a 'Priest's penis', a menhir standing stone. In Italian < aruspice m., augur, diviner, HARSPX ; arruvidire, to grow stiff ; arruffianare, to couple ; arruginire, to rust ; arruffare, to ruffle the hair ; note that in Middle English < har, hair, hari, hairy. Similarly named plants are of the genus Arisaema, these are hermaphrodite, being both male and female. Italian < maschio, male, manly ; noble ; massaia, house-wife.
The Rose, Rosa, Rosaceae.
Rosa Arvensis, the Field Rose or English Rose.
The picture above shows the Heart shaped, pure-white petals of the 'Rosa Arvensis' or Field Rose. Rosa, rose comes from the Greek < rhodon, rose, which entered into Latin as rosa ; Welsh < rhosyn, rose ; rhod, wheel, orb, ecliptic ; rhos nf., moor, heath, plain ; rhodd nf., present, gift ; rhoddwr nm., giver, donor ; in Cornish < ros, rose ; ros, hill-spur ; ros, wheel. Latin < rosarium, rosarius, rosarie, rose garden ; English < rosary, a continuous string or thread of prayers ; Slovenian < vrt, garden ; vrtnica, rose ; vrteti, rotate ; Basque < arrosa, rose ; compare > arouse, to awaken, to excite.
A petal of a cultivated 'RED' rose.
Rosaceae Potentilla reptans.
The above picture showing a Rose flower with golden yellow Heart shaped petals is of one which is often mistaken for a Buttercup, it is 'Rosaceae Potentilla reptans'. The Latinized name meaning, Potentilla < potens, able, power + tilla, arable, tilable earth + reptans, crawling as a reptile.
The plant order Rosaceae categorizes many of the wild plants that bear edible fruits and many have been the origin of the cultivars, such as :- Wild Plum, Prunus Domestica ; Sloe, which is commonly called the Blackthorn (Welsh < draenen, sloe ; draen nf., thorn, prickle) ; Hawthorn or May ; Wild Cherry, Prunus Avium, is much liked by birds ; Wild Pear, Prunus Domestica (Slovenian < hruska, Pear) ; Crab Apple, Pyrus Malus ; Raspberry, Rubus (Slovenian < malina, raspberry ; Welsh < mafon, raspberries) ; Wild Strawberry, Fragaria (Slovenian / Croatian < jagoda, strawberry ; Basque < marrubi, strawberry) and the Bramble, Fruticosus (Slovenian < robida ; Croatian < dra"c, bramble). The list goes on as there are nineteen Genus in the plant family Rosaceae and as with all these Latin/Latinized descriptive botanical names their past associations with our ancestors is revealed. Italian < godere [goda're] to rejoice, to enjoy.
The plant order Rosaceae categorizes many of the wild plants that bear edible fruits and many have been the origin of the cultivars, such as :- Wild Plum, Prunus Domestica ; Sloe, which is commonly called the Blackthorn (Welsh < draenen, sloe ; draen nf., thorn, prickle) ; Hawthorn or May ; Wild Cherry, Prunus Avium, is much liked by birds ; Wild Pear, Prunus Domestica (Slovenian < hruska, Pear) ; Crab Apple, Pyrus Malus ; Raspberry, Rubus (Slovenian < malina, raspberry ; Welsh < mafon, raspberries) ; Wild Strawberry, Fragaria (Slovenian / Croatian < jagoda, strawberry ; Basque < marrubi, strawberry) and the Bramble, Fruticosus (Slovenian < robida ; Croatian < dra"c, bramble). The list goes on as there are nineteen Genus in the plant family Rosaceae and as with all these Latin/Latinized descriptive botanical names their past associations with our ancestors is revealed. Italian < godere [goda're] to rejoice, to enjoy.
The Rose flower of the Bramble, Rubus Fruticosus, Blackberry.
The Rose and star flower of the Raspberry.
The red drupe fruit of the Raspberry.
The red Heart shaped fruit of Jagoda, the Strawberry.
The Heart of a golden yellow Crab Apple.
Dioscorea, Bryony with it's Heart shaped leaves.
Dioscoreaceae.
This above photograph shows the British species in the plant order Dioscoreaceae, it is named 'Tamus communis' (from Germanic < tam, tame, ruled / tame, + communis, community) a double Latinized name given by the 18th century Swedish botanist Carl Linne (Linnaeus) in 'The Species plantarum'. The more common folk name is Bryony (from the Greek < bryein, swell ; em, within + bryein, embryon, embryo). These Dioscoreales have retained their Greek / Latin original name as recorded by Pedanios Dioscorides (born c. AD 40 in SE Asia Minor) a Greek doctor serving with the Roman army who required an easy system by which to identify herbs that were useful in treating his patient's aliments. His preferred naming system was based on the works of previous botanists and pharmacists, including Theophrastus. I have read that the genus Dioscorea is named after Pedanios Dioscorides, but is it? Once again, this plant like so many others has these distinctive 'Heart' shaped leaves as do all the Dioscoreaceae plant family.
The Yam is of this plant order and is probably the most important as it was first cultivated in Africa and in Asia for its edible root crop c. 8,000 BC.
The name Yam comes from the Portuguese word for a particular cultivate of inhame, yam, grown for its swollen tuber root ; the naming inhame comes from a West African word meaning 'EAT'.
These Heart shaped leaves born on a plant which originally provided a foragable root crop food and the other plants in this same family also known for providing useful medicine, this is the real reason for the plant name Dioscorea. Dioscorea < Dios, gods' + core-a, heart ; Compare these following words, Polish < korzen m., root ; Slovenian / Croatian < koren, korijen, root ; Latin < cor, heart ; radix, root ; Italian < radice, root ; Sanskrit < n., hRdaya, heart.
Now as then our very existence depends on the cultivation of various vegetable foods for our nourishment / protection, defense / survival.
In consequence the 'm' shaped shadow, the ombra that is cast in summertime by anything standing still all day in the sun and the triangle of clear light chiaro that intersects and penetrates, was once observed and then revisualized, being repeatedly recognized within leaf forms and so then to eventually become so symbolic in language and theology. The m., chiarosccuro , clare-obscure ; black and white ; good and bad ; ma and mal ; Hari-hara ; the equilibrium a mix of black and white is in Old English < har, grey, gray. In praise of nature the word Greek < prasinos, green ; Latin < herbarium > perennial roots, shrubs, green crops, grass, the source of drug extracts ; the fresh fruits growning in the grove / orchard, on branches of trees and brambles ; oranges, grapes, brassica, aspharagos ; corn raised on the arable earth, grain roasted and malt brewed ; all providing life supporting Bread and Drink. Cultivation > care, attention, worship, derived from cult, to till and cultivate, Latin < cultus ; cultura, culture.
This above photograph shows the British species in the plant order Dioscoreaceae, it is named 'Tamus communis' (from Germanic < tam, tame, ruled / tame, + communis, community) a double Latinized name given by the 18th century Swedish botanist Carl Linne (Linnaeus) in 'The Species plantarum'. The more common folk name is Bryony (from the Greek < bryein, swell ; em, within + bryein, embryon, embryo). These Dioscoreales have retained their Greek / Latin original name as recorded by Pedanios Dioscorides (born c. AD 40 in SE Asia Minor) a Greek doctor serving with the Roman army who required an easy system by which to identify herbs that were useful in treating his patient's aliments. His preferred naming system was based on the works of previous botanists and pharmacists, including Theophrastus. I have read that the genus Dioscorea is named after Pedanios Dioscorides, but is it? Once again, this plant like so many others has these distinctive 'Heart' shaped leaves as do all the Dioscoreaceae plant family.
The Yam is of this plant order and is probably the most important as it was first cultivated in Africa and in Asia for its edible root crop c. 8,000 BC.
The name Yam comes from the Portuguese word for a particular cultivate of inhame, yam, grown for its swollen tuber root ; the naming inhame comes from a West African word meaning 'EAT'.
These Heart shaped leaves born on a plant which originally provided a foragable root crop food and the other plants in this same family also known for providing useful medicine, this is the real reason for the plant name Dioscorea. Dioscorea < Dios, gods' + core-a, heart ; Compare these following words, Polish < korzen m., root ; Slovenian / Croatian < koren, korijen, root ; Latin < cor, heart ; radix, root ; Italian < radice, root ; Sanskrit < n., hRdaya, heart.
Now as then our very existence depends on the cultivation of various vegetable foods for our nourishment / protection, defense / survival.
In consequence the 'm' shaped shadow, the ombra that is cast in summertime by anything standing still all day in the sun and the triangle of clear light chiaro that intersects and penetrates, was once observed and then revisualized, being repeatedly recognized within leaf forms and so then to eventually become so symbolic in language and theology. The m., chiarosccuro , clare-obscure ; black and white ; good and bad ; ma and mal ; Hari-hara ; the equilibrium a mix of black and white is in Old English < har, grey, gray. In praise of nature the word Greek < prasinos, green ; Latin < herbarium > perennial roots, shrubs, green crops, grass, the source of drug extracts ; the fresh fruits growning in the grove / orchard, on branches of trees and brambles ; oranges, grapes, brassica, aspharagos ; corn raised on the arable earth, grain roasted and malt brewed ; all providing life supporting Bread and Drink. Cultivation > care, attention, worship, derived from cult, to till and cultivate, Latin < cultus ; cultura, culture.
We do of course learn everything "by Heart", often without question. The phonetic ciphers are the dialectal changes from an original linguistic format, the essence of which is enthralled in this legendary religious theological phrase :- "In the beginning was the word...."
I do hope you are as amazed as I was > Basque < harritu, amaze.
In Hittite cuneiform Ar = arrive ; Basque < harrera = reception (see text below).
I do hope you are as amazed as I was > Basque < harritu, amaze.
In Hittite cuneiform Ar = arrive ; Basque < harrera = reception (see text below).
The triangular symbol to the left of this text is the cuneiform 'Ar ' arrive.
A 20th century five Drachma silver coin.
The ancient word Drachma is spelt in puristic Greek.
The Greek word Drachma < Thrachmes, begins with the letter 'thelta', which is pronounced as th in the or theory. This letter thelta is a triangle (har) and is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. It became the fourth letter of the Roman alphabet in the form of the letter D delta in c. AD.114. This triangular letter Thelta is believed to have been derived from the fourth letter of the Semitic/Hebrew alphabet < daleth, door. In puristic Greek < thyra, door. (nb. these words are added here for comparison > Old English < dor, door ; torr, tor, n. a high rocky hill ; hrycg, ridge (a bre, hrib, or har) ; German < Tor, n. gate, goal ; Tor, m. fool ; Torheit, f. folly ; Torangel, f. hinge ; Cornish < torr-golonn, heart-break).
Anciently the Drachma (Dragme, Drag + ma) had been the principal silver coinage of Greece, even today the transcripted word for money is chrima.
A closer look at the coin shown above and we can see that the word 'Democratia' begins with the triangle thelta. Today Greek is still based on the ancient language but it has been modified since Greece regained its independence from Turkish rule in 1829. So the language is now a confusing mixture of puristic Greek ('katharevusa') which is the language of law, the church and science and a new Greek of common use ('demotic'). Having said this though, unlike English the same letter or combination of letters is pronounced in exactly the same way wherever it occurs.
Anciently the Drachma (Dragme, Drag + ma) had been the principal silver coinage of Greece, even today the transcripted word for money is chrima.
A closer look at the coin shown above and we can see that the word 'Democratia' begins with the triangle thelta. Today Greek is still based on the ancient language but it has been modified since Greece regained its independence from Turkish rule in 1829. So the language is now a confusing mixture of puristic Greek ('katharevusa') which is the language of law, the church and science and a new Greek of common use ('demotic'). Having said this though, unlike English the same letter or combination of letters is pronounced in exactly the same way wherever it occurs.
A section of the triangular 'Spring' ( Old Saxon < sumar, summer ) mosaic at Chedworth Roman Villa, showing the ancient symbolism within the two hearts. Notice also the friendly little bird perched on Spring/Sumar's hand.
Detail of a Heart symbol on a Roman mosaic disovered in 'Londinium' in 1933 on the Bank of England site.
Detail of three Heart symbols from 'Verulanium' (St Albans) dated to circa AD 145 -150.
Harri and Ma, Heart symbols in other British / Roman mosaics.
The Heart Symbol is clearly portrayed in this 3-4th century AD., mosaic from the Downton Romano British Villa.
This above photograph is of the Romano British mosaic taken from the remains of the Downton Roman Villa and it is now on display in Salisbury Museum. Dated c.3rd - 4th century AD., it is a geometriclly designed mosaic pavement depicting an octagon within a square, where the 'Heart Symbol' is clearly portrayed in the corner ; quite possibly the symbol had also appeared diagonally fitting into all four corners, only as you can see below the other three are now missing. In the centre is a picture of a celebratory 'Chalice' cup which is surrounded by waves of water, symbolically standing on an island, Britain! Downton is a village just to the south of Salisbury City in the fertile agricultural valley of the River Avon.
The Downton Romano British mosaic.
The Great Pantheon in Roma, Italy.
The facade of the Pantheon, eight grey granite columns crowned with a triangulum, pediment.
The Great Pantheon.
A pantheon was firstly the Greek and then later the Roman temple for the worship of all the gods. The 'Great Roman Pantheon' is a monument built during the early 2nd century c.130 AD., in the time of the Emperor Hadrian and possibly constructed after his visit to Britain in 122 AD. This temple was built on the site of an earlier pantheon attributed to Agrippa c. 27 BC., which it is said was constructed in honour of the Gods of Olympus and the legendary ancestors of the Caesars' Mars and Venus. The roof of this later 'Great Pantheon' is a cupola with a central circular opening being an oculus (eye) looking to or from the sky. Through this orifice the daylight penetrates the dark depth (Italian < cupo, deep, dark) of the cupola, dome which was once clad with gold on the outside. By having this central orifice the dome is an architectural representation of a cervix the neck of the 'Mother's womb' (Old English < hrif, womb ; Latin < matrix, womb). Standing inside this temple there was originally a statue of the Caesar, it had stood on the 'Meridian' line and faced due North. During the course of any day the sunlight penetrates the darkness and the apparent disc of light is focused by the oculus inside the Pantheon. The idea of creating this illusionary disc of sunlight is ingenious as it performs the same function as the sundial shadow, only now on the longest day the Sun (Sol invictus) appears to approach and then to bow before Caesar, who's statue would be standing just as if it were the 'Harri Stone' in the macula, ma-cradle, sun-spot of the matriarch. Ironically this Roman Pantheon was dedicated to the Christian 'Sancta Maria ad Martyres', in the 7th century and is now known as the 'Santa Maria Rotunda' ; rotunda is the feminine of Italian < m. rotondo, circular ; Latin < f. rotundus, round, < rota, a wheel ; 'ROMA' the 'Sun' wheel ; Arabic < Maghrib, of the setting Sun.
A pantheon was firstly the Greek and then later the Roman temple for the worship of all the gods. The 'Great Roman Pantheon' is a monument built during the early 2nd century c.130 AD., in the time of the Emperor Hadrian and possibly constructed after his visit to Britain in 122 AD. This temple was built on the site of an earlier pantheon attributed to Agrippa c. 27 BC., which it is said was constructed in honour of the Gods of Olympus and the legendary ancestors of the Caesars' Mars and Venus. The roof of this later 'Great Pantheon' is a cupola with a central circular opening being an oculus (eye) looking to or from the sky. Through this orifice the daylight penetrates the dark depth (Italian < cupo, deep, dark) of the cupola, dome which was once clad with gold on the outside. By having this central orifice the dome is an architectural representation of a cervix the neck of the 'Mother's womb' (Old English < hrif, womb ; Latin < matrix, womb). Standing inside this temple there was originally a statue of the Caesar, it had stood on the 'Meridian' line and faced due North. During the course of any day the sunlight penetrates the darkness and the apparent disc of light is focused by the oculus inside the Pantheon. The idea of creating this illusionary disc of sunlight is ingenious as it performs the same function as the sundial shadow, only now on the longest day the Sun (Sol invictus) appears to approach and then to bow before Caesar, who's statue would be standing just as if it were the 'Harri Stone' in the macula, ma-cradle, sun-spot of the matriarch. Ironically this Roman Pantheon was dedicated to the Christian 'Sancta Maria ad Martyres', in the 7th century and is now known as the 'Santa Maria Rotunda' ; rotunda is the feminine of Italian < m. rotondo, circular ; Latin < f. rotundus, round, < rota, a wheel ; 'ROMA' the 'Sun' wheel ; Arabic < Maghrib, of the setting Sun.
The sun shines through the dome of the Pantheon just as it has done since AD.128.
Diagrammatical view looking south inside the 'Roman Pantheon' where the sundisc displays the 'Ma symbol in front of the statue of the Emperor god.
Hilaria
The 'Julian Calendar' was established during the time of Julius 'Augustus' Caesar in 46 BC., resulting in making January 1st the first day of the New Year. The new Julian calendar had deliberately added two extra months 'July' (Julius) and 'August' (Augustus) to the existing ten (X) months. In times prior each month would have consisted of 36 days ; a year approximating to 360 degrees of a full circle, cycle ; quite possibly with 5 non-days for festivities around the time of the mid winter Solstice, or maybe at some other annual celebratory occasion. In the 10 month year the New Year would have began, as indeed it actually does astronomically, on Decembre 22nd, on the day following the Winter Solstice, resulting in the Equinox quarter day being the 90th day of the 360 days, so being 21st March, the spring 'Vernal' equinox. This is exactly as it is recognized and recorded on our calendar today. With the 12 month calendar year beginning 1st January the 90th day now equates to April 1st.
An ancient East/West equinox alignment made with stones can be seen in the unparallel (arrow shaped) eastward pointing stone (harri) rows erected at Merrivale in Devon (Deva). They were at one time erected to mark the Sun's alignment on the actual day that the Sun was seen to rise over the ridge, (hrycg) in the dip between the two hills (har, hrib, bre, tor) millennia ago, on or approximate (Latin < aproximatio) to what is now our April 1st.
The Romans celebrated 'Hilaria' at this springtime date 31st March/1st April in their new Julian 'celebratory' calendar. It is from this noun Hilaria that we have derived the term hilarius < cheerful, gaiety ; from Latin < hilaris, hilarus ; from Greek < hilaros ; compare Basque < aro, age ; Italian < massaro, old, aged ; Old English < har, old ; and this phrase, " As old as the hills".
The World had at onetime in the distant past been at a more southerly tilt angle on its axis, presenting the inhabitants of Britain with a much warmer climate than that of today. The Earth's tilt changes over time in a cycle of something in the region of 41,000 years. Earth tilts and it also wobbles and this is known as precession because the world wobbles on its N. S. axis, a full wobble cycle is completed every 23,000 years or so. In reality, in times gone by the East/West twice yearly equinox alignment would have been further to the North than it appears to us today. Those prehistoric peoples of Neolithic Britain whilst witnessing the equinox did record them marking the alignments with rows of stones, and in the case of Merrivale had placed a triangular 'head' stone at the most easterly point. This 90th day as an astronomical event had been marked chronologically as the auspicious start of 'Summer Time' ; Latin < apricus, open to the Sun ; apricari, to bask in the Sun (Slovenian < marelica, apricot ). This was and still is by tradition the appointed time for celebrating with cheerful gaiety and 'Hilarity' during the seasonal renewal festivities, for the not so funny joke of 'Winter Time' would be gone by 12 noon on this very day. This 1st day of April is of course now out of date with the thousands of years old Neolithic stone row alignments and has come to be regarded as our 'April Fools' day. April = Italian < Aprile m.; French < Avril m.; Spanish < Abril ; Cornish < Ebryl m.
The 'Julian Calendar' was established during the time of Julius 'Augustus' Caesar in 46 BC., resulting in making January 1st the first day of the New Year. The new Julian calendar had deliberately added two extra months 'July' (Julius) and 'August' (Augustus) to the existing ten (X) months. In times prior each month would have consisted of 36 days ; a year approximating to 360 degrees of a full circle, cycle ; quite possibly with 5 non-days for festivities around the time of the mid winter Solstice, or maybe at some other annual celebratory occasion. In the 10 month year the New Year would have began, as indeed it actually does astronomically, on Decembre 22nd, on the day following the Winter Solstice, resulting in the Equinox quarter day being the 90th day of the 360 days, so being 21st March, the spring 'Vernal' equinox. This is exactly as it is recognized and recorded on our calendar today. With the 12 month calendar year beginning 1st January the 90th day now equates to April 1st.
An ancient East/West equinox alignment made with stones can be seen in the unparallel (arrow shaped) eastward pointing stone (harri) rows erected at Merrivale in Devon (Deva). They were at one time erected to mark the Sun's alignment on the actual day that the Sun was seen to rise over the ridge, (hrycg) in the dip between the two hills (har, hrib, bre, tor) millennia ago, on or approximate (Latin < aproximatio) to what is now our April 1st.
The Romans celebrated 'Hilaria' at this springtime date 31st March/1st April in their new Julian 'celebratory' calendar. It is from this noun Hilaria that we have derived the term hilarius < cheerful, gaiety ; from Latin < hilaris, hilarus ; from Greek < hilaros ; compare Basque < aro, age ; Italian < massaro, old, aged ; Old English < har, old ; and this phrase, " As old as the hills".
The World had at onetime in the distant past been at a more southerly tilt angle on its axis, presenting the inhabitants of Britain with a much warmer climate than that of today. The Earth's tilt changes over time in a cycle of something in the region of 41,000 years. Earth tilts and it also wobbles and this is known as precession because the world wobbles on its N. S. axis, a full wobble cycle is completed every 23,000 years or so. In reality, in times gone by the East/West twice yearly equinox alignment would have been further to the North than it appears to us today. Those prehistoric peoples of Neolithic Britain whilst witnessing the equinox did record them marking the alignments with rows of stones, and in the case of Merrivale had placed a triangular 'head' stone at the most easterly point. This 90th day as an astronomical event had been marked chronologically as the auspicious start of 'Summer Time' ; Latin < apricus, open to the Sun ; apricari, to bask in the Sun (Slovenian < marelica, apricot ). This was and still is by tradition the appointed time for celebrating with cheerful gaiety and 'Hilarity' during the seasonal renewal festivities, for the not so funny joke of 'Winter Time' would be gone by 12 noon on this very day. This 1st day of April is of course now out of date with the thousands of years old Neolithic stone row alignments and has come to be regarded as our 'April Fools' day. April = Italian < Aprile m.; French < Avril m.; Spanish < Abril ; Cornish < Ebryl m.
The first stone to have greeted the sunrise at Merrivale is this triangular head (resh) stone (harri) on the southern stone row.
The ancient masculine and feminine parts of the Heart symbol.
Basque < haren maitasun = his, her, it's, LOVE. Chinese < airen, LOVER.
The Welsh National flag.
The 'Heart' is the centre of British heritage.
The Basque Nationalist flag.
Robin Redbreast
Historically the 'Robin Redbreast' (Latin < Erithacus rubecula melophilus) is Britain's 'National Bird'. It is of course found througout temperate Europe and it has long been associated with age old superstition. Some time in the past it was, along with the Wren, hunted down and killed on Christmas Day. We do of course have the well known 18th century folk nursery rhyme, 'Who killed Cock Robin?' "I said the Sparrow with my bow and arrow...." Today this little bird is generally protected from harm owing to it having been feared in the past as an 'omen of death'. It seems that throughout both Britain and Ireland it has been strongly advisable to leave this particular bird alone and to this day nobody really knows the real reason, as to why?
This Latin name 'rubecula', red-cradle is in reference to the f., macula, the Ma-cradle, the 'sun-spot', deriving from Latin / Italian < macula f., spot, stain ; macchia f., spot ; Greek < stigma, mark, brand, spot ; a congenital 'birth mark' is called a mole, derived from Old English < mal, spot, mark, mole, which is cognate with Greek < miaros, defiled. The English word cradle, derives from Old English < cradol, a small bed or cot.
The Robin is a song bird (melophilus, loves melody) both the male and the female alike have their distinctive red breast plumage and so both sexes appear to us to be the same, their eggs are also speckled light red. The red breast of the Robin bears the 'Ma' symbolism, hence the Christianized legend that the bird was stained by the blood of the Christ (he-art). The Christ born of the immaculate conception? Latin / Italian < immaculato, without spot or blemish, immaculate ; Basque < mantxa, spot, stain ; narrio, spot, stain ; Welsh < man nfm., place, spot, blemish ; Slovenian < madez, mark, spot, stain ; German < Makel, stain, blemish ; Austrian/Tirolerisch < Mail, mark, sign, stain, blemish, monument, boundary, time.
Gardens are frequented by the Robin, seen as the gardeners' friend any gardener will have noticed that the Robin is not at all shy when awaiting a juicy worm. Those first agriculturists, 'Arddwr', harrrowing the virgin soil all those thousands of years ago would have been visited by this same inquisitive cocky little bird. A phrase > "How do I know? A little bird told me".
Historically the 'Robin Redbreast' (Latin < Erithacus rubecula melophilus) is Britain's 'National Bird'. It is of course found througout temperate Europe and it has long been associated with age old superstition. Some time in the past it was, along with the Wren, hunted down and killed on Christmas Day. We do of course have the well known 18th century folk nursery rhyme, 'Who killed Cock Robin?' "I said the Sparrow with my bow and arrow...." Today this little bird is generally protected from harm owing to it having been feared in the past as an 'omen of death'. It seems that throughout both Britain and Ireland it has been strongly advisable to leave this particular bird alone and to this day nobody really knows the real reason, as to why?
This Latin name 'rubecula', red-cradle is in reference to the f., macula, the Ma-cradle, the 'sun-spot', deriving from Latin / Italian < macula f., spot, stain ; macchia f., spot ; Greek < stigma, mark, brand, spot ; a congenital 'birth mark' is called a mole, derived from Old English < mal, spot, mark, mole, which is cognate with Greek < miaros, defiled. The English word cradle, derives from Old English < cradol, a small bed or cot.
The Robin is a song bird (melophilus, loves melody) both the male and the female alike have their distinctive red breast plumage and so both sexes appear to us to be the same, their eggs are also speckled light red. The red breast of the Robin bears the 'Ma' symbolism, hence the Christianized legend that the bird was stained by the blood of the Christ (he-art). The Christ born of the immaculate conception? Latin / Italian < immaculato, without spot or blemish, immaculate ; Basque < mantxa, spot, stain ; narrio, spot, stain ; Welsh < man nfm., place, spot, blemish ; Slovenian < madez, mark, spot, stain ; German < Makel, stain, blemish ; Austrian/Tirolerisch < Mail, mark, sign, stain, blemish, monument, boundary, time.
Gardens are frequented by the Robin, seen as the gardeners' friend any gardener will have noticed that the Robin is not at all shy when awaiting a juicy worm. Those first agriculturists, 'Arddwr', harrrowing the virgin soil all those thousands of years ago would have been visited by this same inquisitive cocky little bird. A phrase > "How do I know? A little bird told me".
The epitome of the tribe. 'Erithacus rubecula melophilus', the Robin Redbreast ; 'cock Robin'.
HAPPY + MERRY
The seven spot Ladybird.
The Ladybird, Coccinealla septempunctata, sometimes referred to as the Ladycow.
The seven spot ladybird is the largest of the European ladybirds. Number seven is deemed lucky and as luck would have it the ladybird beetle which is typcally found on roses, is another animal friend of the gardener / horticulturist for it provides a natural pest-control against greenfly infestations. Looking at the above photograph of this ladybird it can be seen that there is a centrally placed 'heart shaped' black spot (macula) within a white arc which divides in two when the red wing cases are opened. The name "ladybird" originated in Britain and is first recorded by William Shakespeare in the 16th century when he used the term "ladybird" to mean a "scarlet woman" or harlot for the "sweetheart" in his play Romeo and Juliet.
To quote, Scene 3. Nurse > "now, by my maidenhead at twelve year old, I bade her come. What, lamb! what ladybird! God forbid! Where's this girl? What, Juliet!"
The ladybird is linked with the meaning Our Lady's bird / My Lady's bird, in Biblical reference to Mary the virgin. Italian < madonna, mistress.
Latin < machinari, to plot ; magia, magic, in Cornish > marthus m., miricle > Latin < mirari, to wonder at ; reri, think, reason ;
Italian < mirare v, a, n., to contemplate.
This document is an overview of a much broader research and contains information on a 'theory' that is the intellectual property of Mr. Robin Pavitt. You may use this information but please state the source. If you do have any comments that you wish to post, then you are welcome,
send to > robin@heartsymbol.info
Appendix 21-6-2011 see below.
The longest day HARRI + MA (as a stick/rod-shadow) observed in Somerset, England.
The shadow cast by a rod with a 'V' shaped groove in the top.
The Matriarch. [Ma-Tri-Ar-Ch]
The first above sketch shows the shadow cast by a 10 mm wide flat topped rod (rood) a round stick 267 mm high, standing in the ground on the day of the 'Northern Hemisphere Summer Solstice' 21st June AD. 2011, recorded between 6.30 am to 7.30 pm. It is a graphic portrayal of the Macula or otherwise Haricot. The midday shadow is 132 mm., long, giving a Sun altitude angle of approx 62 degrees from the right angle (Old English < rihtwis, right + wise ; Slovenian < kot, angle, corner). The next two sketches are of the shadow extent between 12.00 pm to 2.30pm on 26-6-2011 (the top one taking a closer look). The same stick was used but this time with a 'V' shaped groove in the top, in the same way as that used on an arrow for holding the bowstring (Italian < arcare, to shoot with a bow). In both trials the shadow shortend when the sunshine reached its steepest angle at midday. This is the same distortion that would be created on a much larger scale with a tree trunk pile (Latin < robur, hard oak ; Slovenian < hrast, oak) a totem pole, (polar) or mahar, or ancient standing stone with a groove in, either natural or cut. This groove design when aligned North/South serves to extend the duration (Latin < durare, to last) to two and a half hours for this illusion to be observed, 12.00 pm until 2.30 pm British Summertime and thereby making it much more of an event. The true parabolic arch of the Sun's journey through the sky has been distorted yet is interpreted by this shadow. This was observed on two sunny days in Templecombe on the Somerset/Dorset County boarder, in the fertile region of Britain that was once occupied by the ancient peoples confederacy of 'Durotriges', as the Romans had called them ; Italian < duro, hard, strong, stony ; stubborn, inexorable, cruel.
Having realized my own innovation regarding this 'V' shaped groove, I then needed to find some evidence that this had perhaps already been thought of in the distant past and sure enough it had been. In Cumbria (north western England) there is a standing stone known as 'Long Meg'. This stone does have a 'V' in the top for the Sun to shine through. This stone aligns with the 'V' groove facing North/South just as in my own experiment (Latin < experiri , to try, pick out, cull). 'Long Meg' ('Meg' being a shortened form of the feminine name Margherita, Margaret) is a 12 feet tall red sandstone and it stands just to the south west of Britain's third largest stone circle. It forms a part of the prehistoric landscape of the River Eden Valley, near Penrith, along with these nearby two prehistoric sites, 'Mayburgh Henge' and 'King Arthur's Round Table'.
The first above sketch shows the shadow cast by a 10 mm wide flat topped rod (rood) a round stick 267 mm high, standing in the ground on the day of the 'Northern Hemisphere Summer Solstice' 21st June AD. 2011, recorded between 6.30 am to 7.30 pm. It is a graphic portrayal of the Macula or otherwise Haricot. The midday shadow is 132 mm., long, giving a Sun altitude angle of approx 62 degrees from the right angle (Old English < rihtwis, right + wise ; Slovenian < kot, angle, corner). The next two sketches are of the shadow extent between 12.00 pm to 2.30pm on 26-6-2011 (the top one taking a closer look). The same stick was used but this time with a 'V' shaped groove in the top, in the same way as that used on an arrow for holding the bowstring (Italian < arcare, to shoot with a bow). In both trials the shadow shortend when the sunshine reached its steepest angle at midday. This is the same distortion that would be created on a much larger scale with a tree trunk pile (Latin < robur, hard oak ; Slovenian < hrast, oak) a totem pole, (polar) or mahar, or ancient standing stone with a groove in, either natural or cut. This groove design when aligned North/South serves to extend the duration (Latin < durare, to last) to two and a half hours for this illusion to be observed, 12.00 pm until 2.30 pm British Summertime and thereby making it much more of an event. The true parabolic arch of the Sun's journey through the sky has been distorted yet is interpreted by this shadow. This was observed on two sunny days in Templecombe on the Somerset/Dorset County boarder, in the fertile region of Britain that was once occupied by the ancient peoples confederacy of 'Durotriges', as the Romans had called them ; Italian < duro, hard, strong, stony ; stubborn, inexorable, cruel.
Having realized my own innovation regarding this 'V' shaped groove, I then needed to find some evidence that this had perhaps already been thought of in the distant past and sure enough it had been. In Cumbria (north western England) there is a standing stone known as 'Long Meg'. This stone does have a 'V' in the top for the Sun to shine through. This stone aligns with the 'V' groove facing North/South just as in my own experiment (Latin < experiri , to try, pick out, cull). 'Long Meg' ('Meg' being a shortened form of the feminine name Margherita, Margaret) is a 12 feet tall red sandstone and it stands just to the south west of Britain's third largest stone circle. It forms a part of the prehistoric landscape of the River Eden Valley, near Penrith, along with these nearby two prehistoric sites, 'Mayburgh Henge' and 'King Arthur's Round Table'.
Looking through the rain toward the Sun and Long Meg at midday in July.
The macula, haricot, malow, lowarth, cradol, denari, mab-den, cuna, 'V'.
A closer look from the south at the V shaped culla (cradle) in the top (cul'mine, cima, summit) of Long Meg.
The above photograph of the southern side of Long Meg is courtesy of Maggie and Keith at www.megalithics.com
The Folkton drums.
These next photographs show the three Folkton cylindrical chalk drums, made of magnesian limestone, dated to c. 2500-2000 BC. They were discovered in 1889 when a round barrow was opened on Folkton Wold in the East Riding of Yorkshire. All three cylinders had once been placed in an oval grave behind the head and the hips of a child. The carved decoration appears to capture a resemblance of the human face, but it does also resemble the 'ombra' path, the spectre sun-shadow, cast by the Long Meg on the longest day, the macula, the mother's cradle. A diagonal cross (diablo) and several triangles also appear in association, a deliberate union. These drums are unique. Recording as they surely do the thoughts of Early Bronze Age people in Britain. These 8-9 cm high chalk drums are now kept in the British Museum, London.
The Ma sign on a Folkton drum.
The three Folkton drums are in the British Museum.
These following words are comparable and further help to explain why the 'Heart Symbol' is a symbol for regeneration, fertility and love.
Cornish < ro, n., rohow nm., gift ; Welsh < ri, give ; rhi nm., King, Lord, [har-rhi] ; rhic nm., groove, notch, nick ; Polish < rowek m., groove ; Basque < arteka, groove, slot, crack ; ertz, lip, slit, vulva ; kuma, cradle ; German < Herz [hairrts] Heart ; The Latin < vulva, external female genital organs, is derived from > volva, womb [OE. hrif, womb ; Sanskrit < jathara, belly] from > volvere, roll, turn around ; English < evolve, evolved ; Croatia (Hrvatska) < roden, birth, born ; voljeti, love ; stanovati, live ; rod, clan, descent ; Slovenian < hrepeneti, desire, covet ; otrok, child ; rit, bottom. The word masculine derives from Latin < masculus, maris, male person ; culpa, fault, crime ; Italian < culla f., cradle, cuna f., cradle ; culto m., worship, cult ; culina'ria f., cookery ; culina, kitchen ; culo m., backside, buttocks, bottom ; French < cul nm., backside, bottom ; Swedish / Norwegian < kull, child. ; Danish < kuld, offspring ; English < cull, pick, select, gather together ; culvert, a 'v' shaped groove, a plough furrow [OE. furh] or for irrigation, drainage of rain water. Now compare these words which derive from Old English > English < arse n., backside, buttocks, bottom ; Old English < grund, BOTTOM, EARTH, which became the English < ground, solid rock surface of the Earth, earth in which to cultivate green (OE.< grun ; Greek < prasinos) fodder, food ; Basque < soro, cultivated land, field ; Slovenian < krma, fodder, feed ; hrana, food ; Welsh < maes, field ; hel, gather, collect ; English < hell, from Old English < helian, to cover seeds and roots with earth ; helpen, to help ; Latin < heli / helio, SUN, from Greek < helios, SUN ; Latin < anus, hring, circular forma, the anus, arse, compare > annuus, annual, yearly ; Old English < an, one : Welsh < tin, nf., bottom, rump ; godre, nm., bottom ; English < posterior, after, rear, behind, n., buttocks, from Latin < post-, after, from postis, a piece of wood, stone or metal, set upright in the ground ; posterity, future generations, from Latin < posteri, after heri ; Basque < herri, nation, people ; German < Herr [hairr] master, lord ; Harn, urine, Harnen, urinare ; Volk, [folk] people, nation ; Ihr [eerr] to her, you ; Ihre, your, her, its, their ; Dutch < haar, her ; Irish < Eire, mother of the nation.
Finally then here are some other words derived from an ancient agricultural understanding of this particula ma-cula :- English < spectacular, from Latin < spectaculum, a show, from spectare, to watch ; Italian < speco m., cave, grotto, cove ; speculare, meditate, speculate ; French < spectre, vision ; English < perpendicular, from Latin < perpendiculum, perpendicularis ; English < peril, from Latin < periculum, risk, danger ; English < meticulous, from Latin < meticulosus, fearful ; English < vermicular, worm like, in Italian < vermicolare, worm like, from vermis, worm + col, top, summit + a're ; English < matriculate, to enroll, from Latin < matriculare, to register ; Italian < arrolare, enroll ; English < copulate, join, join sexulaIly, from Latin < copula, bond, copula're, join together ; articulus, artus, joint ; English from Middle English < cunt [kunt] female genitals ; Cornish < reydh, sex ; kuntelles, meeting, a gathering ; kuntell, to pick, gather together ; lowarth m., garden, lowarther m., gardener, one tending the seed / flower bed (cot) ; Slovenian < cula, a bundle ; zbrati, gather. ; Italian < mazzo m., [mat'zo] bundle, bunch.
I began this documented article with cuneiform writing, from Latin < cuneus, wedge + forma, form ; Italian < cuneo, wedge ; cuniculo / cunicolo, m., mine ; Slovenian < rudar, miner ; English < vernacular, from Latin < vernaculus, native, vernacularism, the language (linga, lingo, lingua) that is native to a place ; English < calculate, from Latin / Italian < calcula're, from calx, calce f., chalk, lime stone + cula, cradle + a're = ari / harri / hari / har / ar / R, the standing stone Sundial clock / calendar in the specula f., observatory ; Croatian < ra"cun, calculation ; ra"cunarima, computer. It is commonly understood that the Latin botanical name for the field 'Marigold', Calendula Arvensis has developed from the Greek/Roman term calends (kalends) kalein, to call, Latin/Italian < cala're, to go down, having the meaning to call out and proclaim the end of a month and the start of the next, thus a calendar is a means to ajust the natural divisions of time ; Italian < calenda'ro m., calendar ; chiamata f., call. English < calculus, higher mathematics, from Latin < calculus, a pebble, a small stone onced used for counting ; Latin < callus, hard ; English < ridicule, from Latin < ridiculum, laughing matter, to deride, from ridere, to laugh, to smile, to mock ; German < Spott nm., ridicule ; Spotten, to mock ; spottname, nickname ; Welsh < man nmf., place, spot, blemish ; mangre nf., place, spot ; gre, nf., stud, flock ; Old English < her, here, at or in this place, point. I conclude with an English phrase, "X marks the spot".
Marigold, the Calendula has these distinctive petal tips.
Relevant British prehistoric sites.
Looking north eastward towards 'Rough Tor' from Stannon Circle, on Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.
The view of the harri stone at Merrivale with the 'V' in Kings Tor to the south.
Stanton Drew in Somerset. This triangular red stone which has a groove in the top, points directly north toward Maes Knoll / Dundry Hill.
Castlerigg stone circle in Cumbria. A view from the sanctuary looking toward the SE.
A sketch of a grooved Bluestone at Stonehenge. There is a corresponding tongued Bluestone buried below a fallen great trlithon..
Masculine thrusting button (bouton) at the end of the Stonehenge trilithons.
The 'Bluestones' erected within 'Stonehenge' are believed to have been transported from the 'Carn Menyn' a rocky Tor on the Preseli Mountains of South West Wales.
Now I must say that there have been so many links through languages, which have aided my research and this name 'Carn Menyn' is yet another link. The Welsh noun > 'Menyn', 'Butter' ; "rhoi ymenyn ar", which means, "give (bestow, yield, put) butter on (over)," ; The 'Buttercup' flower > "blodyn yr ymenyn". The question has to be, why name a stony out crop 'butter'? The dictionary of etymology explains that our English word > butter, has evolved from Old English < butere, butter, from a Greek word for butter, boutyron, cows milk, and that boutyron came from a non-Italic culture and most probably is a translation from a word in a Scythian language. The reason for this, being that the Italic civilization was an oil-culture and thus milk had to have at first been provided by northern herdsmen. The Modern German word is Butter [boot'err] nf., as in Modern English, but this next German word refers to the Heart, Butzen [boot'sen] nm., core, of a fruit etc ; Busen [boo'zen] nm.,bosom ; Tirolerisch < Butzel, baby.
To follow this line of thought through to some conclusion, I site these other words :- French < butte, mound, hill standing alone ; Old English < buttuc, end, small piece of land, from which developed the term, buttocks, rump ; Old Icelandic < butr, log, wood stump, block. The English word buttress, from butras, derives from Old French < bouterez, to thrust against ; bouton, nm., button, bud, knob, derived from boter, to thrust (a button goes into the button hole) ; bouture nf., cutting ; Cornish < pokya, thrust, poke ; English < butt, to join end to end, to move closer and butt-up together, to butter-up to someone is to seek favour (smarm'y). The Greek < syn (sym) together, jointly, this entered into English via Latin and is the prefix to two relatively important words, synchronize, from syn, together + chronos, time, and sym-, symbolon, throw together, hence the symbol, and symbolism. Old English < synn, wrongdoing, a sin.
There are, I believe, further connections to be seen in Slavic languages:-
Polish < maslo / smarowac, butter ; kamien, rock, kamienisty, rocky ; The more usual terms for stone in Welsh are meini or maen, nf., cairn. Menyn, which must also really mean stone / rock is being deliberatley used to name butter and therefore there has to be a reason for this and possibly these next words hold the answer. Cornish < meyn, stone ; menhir, men, stone + hir, long, a standing stone ; Welsh < melyn, yellow ; melynwyn, cream, yellowish white ; carn nm., hoof, hilt ; hufen, cream ; In German < Rahm nm., cream ; Buttern, to churn ; Slovenian < butara, bundle ; butec, dummy ; maslo, butter ; krema, cream ; vol, ox ; volovi, oxen ; Italian < crema f. cream ; burro, butter ; ma, but ; Cornish < amanenn, butter ; amari, cupboard. ; English < butler, manservant, someone in charge of the pantry.
The first herdsmen that we know of were the Scythians of the Sarmatia steppe, they herded horses and traded with the Greeks at the coastal regions of the Black Sea. The grassland the Romans had called 'Sarmatia' stretches across northern Europe from the Netherlands all the way to Asia. In China the Dragon represents the forces of nature and the golden / yellow Dragon was the emblem of the emperor. In the Chinese language we find the word Ma, horse (OE.hros) and also Ma, woman, both words share the horse pictograph symbol. Those Scythian nomads would, I'm sure, have milked their mare horses. and traded their animal husbandry knowhow with other communities, exchanging and hybridizing the livestock. The first sedentary farmers in Britain would surely have capitalized on milk production from all manner of dairy cattle. To aid their understanding of the seasonal changes to the environment and also by way of an anniversary carnival celebration for their achievements in an agro-economic culture, those early Arian settlers constructed symbolic earth, wood and stone structures over a long period of generations. Eventually their own 'small piece of land', their back-yard had become a land flowing with milk and honey. The Bluestones used in the various constructions at Stonehenge came from the Carn Menyn, because the rock was accessible to the elite and this has since been remembered and recorded through the dialect of the Brythonic Welsh language as the 'Carn (flesh, meat) + Menyn', Butter mountain'.
The 'Cow' Parsley, Wild Chervil, Chaerophyllum Anthriscus sylvestris, with it's tiny white 'Heart' shaped petals.
This above photograph clearly shows the Heart shaped petals of the 'Cow' Parsley, Wild Chervil, Anthriscus sylvestris ; Latin < Anthriscus, anther, the male stamen of a flower that bears pollen, from Greek < anthera f., antheros m., flowery ; sylvestris, forest, tree-like. This Cow Parsley, blooms in every roadside hedgerow across Europe, during April and early 'May', when it heralds the start of summer, and although delicate it can grow in excess. Another Cow Parsley typical of the British country roadside at May-time is Anthriscus Vulgaris, Common Chervil, The picture below shows the 'Heart shaped seed pod' of this plant. There are many kinds of Chervil and one variety which has a hairy purple spotted stem is Chaerophyllum temulentum ; a Latin plant name with this meaning > Chaero, Chi-rho, light, delight + phyllum, primary division of living things, from Greek < phylon, race ; phyein, to produce and grow, to beget ; temulentum, tem-, from Latin < temere [tema're] darkness ; Old Irish < temel, darkness ; Slovenian < tema, darkness ; Italian < temere [tema're] to fear, dread ; - lentum, lentil, from Latin < lenticula, a seed pod of two convex halves (see the seed shown below) ; The term Lent, derives from Old English < lencten, lenten, Spring, in allusion to the lengthening of the days. 'Lent' is the English name given to a period in the annual Roman Church calendar for the forty days prior to the first Carnival (meat eating) anniversary ; Italian < Quaresima m,f., [Quara'sima] Lent , which is held at the time of the Spring Equinox. A well known religious phrase > "Out of the darkness and into the light". Italian < gerarca m., high-priest ; gerarchia f., hierarchy.
With the lengthening hours of daylight it is now the time for planting seeds. Hungarian < mag, seed ; Greek < sperma, seed ; Latin < spermatophyta, seed bearing plants ; germen, bud ; germe m., germ, bud ; gerere, to bear ; gesta're, bear, gestate, carry in the womb. The embryo, embryon, life.
The other leading word here is 'Cow'. In Old English < cu, cow ; plural > cuna ; also > kyne, kine, kin, cow. In Slovenian < vol, ox ; Italian < vacca f., cow ; vaccaro m., cow-keeper ; German < Vieh [fee] cattle. The word Parsley (garden herb) derives from Greek < petroselinon from petros, rock + selinon, celery. In Britain, by tradition we have pet names ('nick' names) for the dairy Cow, they are commonly known as 'Buttercup' or 'Daisy'.
With the lengthening hours of daylight it is now the time for planting seeds. Hungarian < mag, seed ; Greek < sperma, seed ; Latin < spermatophyta, seed bearing plants ; germen, bud ; germe m., germ, bud ; gerere, to bear ; gesta're, bear, gestate, carry in the womb. The embryo, embryon, life.
The other leading word here is 'Cow'. In Old English < cu, cow ; plural > cuna ; also > kyne, kine, kin, cow. In Slovenian < vol, ox ; Italian < vacca f., cow ; vaccaro m., cow-keeper ; German < Vieh [fee] cattle. The word Parsley (garden herb) derives from Greek < petroselinon from petros, rock + selinon, celery. In Britain, by tradition we have pet names ('nick' names) for the dairy Cow, they are commonly known as 'Buttercup' or 'Daisy'.
The 'Heart 'shaped seed pods of the common 'Cow' Parsley, Anthriscus Vulgaris.
A close up enlarged view of the Heart shaped seed pods of the Common 'Cow' Parsley, Anthriscus Vulgaris.
'Hog'-weed or 'Cow' Parsnip, as it is commonly called. The Hog-weed comes into bloom during August, just as the days begin to really noticeably shorten. All the plant names listed in this study contribute to the story of each plants past associations with our ancestors, the Hog-weed continues this story. We today understand a hog to be a male pig : the name hog comes from the Old English < hogg, young pig, but at that time in Old English it also refered to young horses and sheep aged over a year old ; In Basque < urde, hog ; ahardi, sow ; makera, a sow with young ; ardi, sheep, ewe ; ahari, ram ; haragi, meat, flesh ; kume, young animals and a kuma is a cradle, a cuna ; Hungarian < marha, cattle. In the time of the Greek/Romans, a hara was a seperate pig-sty for a sow with young ; In English dialect < a 'harry' is the male in any species of animal ; Welsh < mamog, ewe, sheep with young ; maharen, hwrdd, a ram ; hogyn nm., boy, lad ; hogen nf., girl ; mab nm., man ; Cornish < maw nm., boy ; mowes nf., girl. In Old English < deor, deer, any of a family of hoofed, cud chewing animals ; the male of the 'Red Deer' from the age of six when the crown or sur-royal antler begins to grow, is called a Hart ; deore, dear, much loved and esteemed ; cyn, Kin.
The rosette flower head of the 'Hog'-weed or 'Cow' Parsnip, Heracleum sphondylium, has these distinctive 'V' / 'Heart' shaped petals.
The shape of the flowers and the seed pods of the 'Hog-weed/Cow Parsnip' hold the key to the vulgar/common naming of this plant. Looking now at the photo of the plant, it is clear to see the 'V' or Heart shaped white flower petals which surround tiny roses. Each individual flower is by nature arranged in a Chi-rho, cross, cruciform shape/forma. This plant is a prolific perennial and the seed pods are Heart shaped, as are those of the Cow Parsley, and form a pair (para) of lenticula halves, each containing 'an', 'arima', (one) seed.
Ripening seeds on the Hog-weed.
A close up enlarged view of the mature Heart shaped 'lenticula' seed pod of the Hog-weed.
The ancient Heart of Britain, Arbor Low.
Arbor Low henge and limestone ring.
A 'Heart of Stone' the Arbor Low.
Looking across Arbor Low towards the North East.
Arbor Low henge and stone circle/ring.
Arbor Low henge which contains an inner limestone (har-stone) ring (hring), is the only ancient Neolithic/Bronze Age stone monument in the area made from limestone, others are fashioned from gritstone. It is built on a northerly facing hill top known as 'Parsley Hay', close by to the SW is the village of Hartington which sits in the valley of the River Dove. (Hartington > Domesday Book AD.,1086, Hortedun ; Latin < hortus, a garden ; English < horticulture). Just to the west of Arbor Low is the old Roman road from Mamvcivm (Manchester) which goes via Aqvae Arnemetiae (Buxton) to the old lead mines north of Ashbourne. The Romans would have exploited the lead reserves to extract the silver for coinage (Welsh < arian, silver ; Domesday Book < plubariae, lead mines) in this limestone White Peak plateau at the Heart of Britannia. The first above picture is a detail from the information board displayed at the entrance to this English Heritage site. I have turned it 90 degrees to the right so as to illustrate my observations. Viewed from the sky this prehistoric banked henge has a similarly proportioned Heart shaped plan to that of the Cow Parsley or Hog Weed seed pods. The alignment of the two entrances is approximate to NW-SE., inline with the mid summer sunset and the mid winter sunrise. The black and white polarised picture shows how the stones within this monument also create the Heart symbol, clearly visible when viewed from the north eastern direction, inline with the mid-year summer sunrise. Whether or not this radiant arrangement of the flat laying 'har' stones was intended by design or is now visible only as a result of subsequent accidental / deliberate movement of the standing stones, who knows? The arrangement we see today evidently does however actually suggest the Harri + Ma heart shape design which is clearly visible in the much more recent Romano British Villa mosaics.
A clearer image of this plan view can be seen on Google Earth and at the English Heritage website.
The Shepherds Purse.
Here is another familiar wild plant having distinctly Heart shaped seed pods. 'Shepherds Purse', Capsella bursa-pastoris. It is found growing on tilled land anywhere and to most gardeners this is a weed (Czech < zahradni, garden). The descriptive name for this wild plant is said to derive from a resemblance of the seed pods to the shape of a rustic purse, i.e., that belonging to a shepherd. The botanical naming of this plant has its origin in Low Latin < bursarius, bursa, a purse, from Greek < byrsa, skin or leather ; Latin < bursiculate, provide with a small pouch ; bursar, one who keeps the purse, a treasurer (Greek < thesauros, treasure) ; pastoris, shepherd, a pastor, spiritual guide, a bishop, from Latin < pastorem, shepherd, from pascere [passh'ere] to feed, to nourish, graze (Greek < prasinos, grass). Sheep became domesticated c.10,000 years ago and the production of sheep is the oldest organized rural industry. Wool and the spinning of woollen thread established an international trading market and an elite became rich and wealthy.
In the Roman province of Pannonia (Hungary/Slavonia) taxes used to be collected in pouches, a purse made of the skin/leather of the Marten, which is a sort of weasel. Marten, this word is derived from a Germanic source ; Old Saxon < Marthrin, of the marten ; Old English < mearth, marten ; in Croatia (Hrvatska) the Marten is called 'Kuna', which is also the legendary name used now for the monetary currency of Croatia ; In Arabic < masaari, money.
Shepherds Purse has Heart shaped seed pods and arrow shaped leaves.
The fertile 'Valley'.
The word Valley is related to Latin < volvere, to roll, to cross, to revolve : Italian < valle f., valley, dale ; Basque < haran, valley, dale. Italian < valico m., passage, entry ; vago m., lover, gallant ; volere [vola're] to desire , valere [vala're] m., price, valour, force, to be equal to, value ; virgulto m., young shoot. ; vivere, to be green. In Cornish the feminine name Valda, means 'flower'. Hungarian < virag [viraag] flower. In documents and calculations we verify the value of something with a V 'tick mark' ; French < vrai, true, real ; Latin < stima f., value ; stima're, to judge ; verus, true, verity ; vita f., life, vivere, to live, vital > victus, food, sustenance ; virga, a shoot, stick, or a rod, from which derives, vir, a MAN, and virile, manly, brave ; Slovenian < hraber, brave, courage. The English word courage is from Latin < cor, HEART ; cor! (slang) God. Numerically V is the Roman number five, which in the original Roman ten month calendar is the middle month of May. To the Chinese, who invented the magnetic compass, their compass pointed to the south to the mid day sun. It records five (V) cardinal points, the middle/centre being representative of the direction of the benevolent Dragon (Dracun) ; Chinese < Long, dragon ; Japanese < Ryu, dragon.
This is the pastoral rustic view at Stonehenge, looking NE along the Avenue that leads from/to the River Avon Valley.
The Chinese equatorial sundial Rigui.
The Chinese equatorial sundial records the sunshine shadow which is cast from an iron needle that is fixed centrally through a circular stone. The topside of this sundial records the spring / summertime shadow and the underside that of autumn / winter. During the biannual equinox the sun shadow passes from one side of this stone to the other and at this interchange period appears on both top and bottom sides simultaneously. There are Chinese characters for 'Heart' these are pictograms of this sundial.
SYIN, (Pinyin < Xin ) HEART (MIND).
SYIN, Xin, HEART, MIND. This Chinese radical character for heart occurs as an independent character and as an element at the bottom of others. Depicted here is the sundial with the shadow on either side during this balancing equilibrium.
SYIN (Pinyin < Xin) HEART.
SYIN, Xin, HEART. This radical character does not occur independently but only as part of other characters. Seen here is the cardinal compass cross that represents the Earth, with the indicator / sundial at the angle of the sun shadow during an equinox (Sanskrit < sama, same, equal ; dharriman, balance ; Greek < hama, together).
R, SUN (Mandarin < Ri)
R, SUN, Mandarin < Ri. [ pronounced as English < rr ]
Above is the Chinese character for 'Sun' and it is a more modern version of an earlier sign that dates back to the Bronze Age or even earlier to the Oracle Bone Script of the Xia and the following Shang Dynasty c. 5000 years ago.
Above is the Chinese character for 'Sun' and it is a more modern version of an earlier sign that dates back to the Bronze Age or even earlier to the Oracle Bone Script of the Xia and the following Shang Dynasty c. 5000 years ago.
This is the early Chinese character for SUN, R. A RING WITH A SPOT IN THE CENTRE.
These were the Chinese Emperors equatorial sundials standing at the front of the Imperial Palace in the 'Forbidden City' at the Heart of modern Beijing.
To those Chinese Emperors of old the equatorial sundials at the 'Forbidden City' in Beijing marked the Heart, the Dragon, the Centre, the Axis Mundi.
The radical character shown below is SHR, [pronounced shi] the Chinese number TEN, it is similar to the Roman X numeral ; Italian < dieci, ten ; Latin < decima, f., a tenth. The 'cross' for ten and the circle for the 'sun', they probably have a common (shi-rr = chi-rho, XP, +R) 'Arian' root.
SHR, TEN (number).
Family, Orchidaceae.
Orchid, New Latin < Orchidaceae. Picture taken in the woods at Stourhead in Wiltshire.
The Orchid, family Orchidaceae.
In the dictionary of etymology it is further explained that this name Orchid derives from the Greek < orchis, a testicle. This is apparently because the Orchid plants have a pair of ball shaped tuberous roots. The word testicle, derives from Latin < testiculus, from testis, witness to male verility, from virilis of a man. Albanian < herdhe, testicle ; Armenian < orjik, testicles ; Basque < barrabil, testicle. These tuberous roots support a one foot tall column of flowers. Zoom into the above picture and you will see that not only are these flowers purple but on every lip they are adorned with the Ma sign as it is portrayed on the Folkton cylindrical drums ; Sanskrit < kovidAra, Orchid adorate. In China the orchid is symbolic of fertility.
The fact is that many fruits and plants that were known to be benificial encorporated heart shaped leaves or flowers this must surely have lead to a belief later to be known as the Doctrine of signatures. This was the theological point of view by which the apparent characteristic shape of the leaf or flower of a plant provided the sign which marked those plants that were most beneficial to mankind. Today we now know this was often a mistaken point of view and that this plant pictured below, the Aristolochia clematitis is deadly poisonous (Clematis from Greek < klema, branch, twig).
In the dictionary of etymology it is further explained that this name Orchid derives from the Greek < orchis, a testicle. This is apparently because the Orchid plants have a pair of ball shaped tuberous roots. The word testicle, derives from Latin < testiculus, from testis, witness to male verility, from virilis of a man. Albanian < herdhe, testicle ; Armenian < orjik, testicles ; Basque < barrabil, testicle. These tuberous roots support a one foot tall column of flowers. Zoom into the above picture and you will see that not only are these flowers purple but on every lip they are adorned with the Ma sign as it is portrayed on the Folkton cylindrical drums ; Sanskrit < kovidAra, Orchid adorate. In China the orchid is symbolic of fertility.
The fact is that many fruits and plants that were known to be benificial encorporated heart shaped leaves or flowers this must surely have lead to a belief later to be known as the Doctrine of signatures. This was the theological point of view by which the apparent characteristic shape of the leaf or flower of a plant provided the sign which marked those plants that were most beneficial to mankind. Today we now know this was often a mistaken point of view and that this plant pictured below, the Aristolochia clematitis is deadly poisonous (Clematis from Greek < klema, branch, twig).
The European Birthwort, Aristolochia clematitis.
Aristolochia clematitis, the European Birthwort (birth plant).
The plant name derives from the Greek naming, Greek < aristos, best + locheia, childbirth. In English < wort, comes from the Old English < wyrt, root, herb ; cild, child, a later plural is cildra, children, this is cognate to Swedish/Norwegian < kull, litter ; Old Saxon < kunni, sex, kin ; kind, child ; Sanskrit < bhrtis, birth. This particular Aristolochia plant which is native to the Balkans may possibly have been used medicinally as its name suggests owing to its structural appearance, or perhaps it just echoes the Symbolism of beginings, with the leaves being heart shaped, and the yellow flower sheaths, vaginate.
The plant name derives from the Greek naming, Greek < aristos, best + locheia, childbirth. In English < wort, comes from the Old English < wyrt, root, herb ; cild, child, a later plural is cildra, children, this is cognate to Swedish/Norwegian < kull, litter ; Old Saxon < kunni, sex, kin ; kind, child ; Sanskrit < bhrtis, birth. This particular Aristolochia plant which is native to the Balkans may possibly have been used medicinally as its name suggests owing to its structural appearance, or perhaps it just echoes the Symbolism of beginings, with the leaves being heart shaped, and the yellow flower sheaths, vaginate.
The Dracunculus Vulgaris, the 'Dragon' Lily.
Dracunculus Vulgaris, the Arum Lily known as the 'Dragon' Lily.
Dracunculus Vulgaris
The picture of the Dragon Lily is courtesy of the Wikipedia commons, the copyright holder is Jorg Hemple. Neither the Wikipedia organization or Jorg Hemple have any connection with the information given in this 'Ancient Symbolism within the Heart' documentation.
Warrior Scythian/Sarmatian ornamental Gold helmet c. 400 BC.
The above picture is of a Scythian/Sarmatian Gold helmet.
The ornamentation on this ceremonial helmet shows the 'Ma' cula/cuna within a pair of 'Rams Horns'. Thrusting from within this 'V' cradle between the horns is the seeding flower pintle of the hermaphrodite Arum 'Dragon' Lily, the Dracunculus Vulgaris. This plant is native to the Balkans. Slovenian < dragocen, precious, valuable.
The ornamentation on this ceremonial helmet shows the 'Ma' cula/cuna within a pair of 'Rams Horns'. Thrusting from within this 'V' cradle between the horns is the seeding flower pintle of the hermaphrodite Arum 'Dragon' Lily, the Dracunculus Vulgaris. This plant is native to the Balkans. Slovenian < dragocen, precious, valuable.
Corollaries, an inference or deduction ; from corolla, the petals or inner floral leaves of a flower ; from Latin < corolla, a small garland ; from corona, garland [ cor (heart) + ro (rotate) + cu lla (cradle) + ary (harri) ]
Here is my corollary :- I deduce as a consequence of my lengthy study, that the 'Stonehenge' we see today was designed as a permanent hardy (duro)longlasting representation of a hermaphrodite 'Flower Head'.
4th century AD. Romano British Villa 'Heart Rosette' mosaic, discovered 2002 in Bradford on Avon, Wiltshire.,
The city of Winchester in Hampshire.
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The meridian sunshine as it appears over the Rose window in the northern transept of Winchester Cathedral.
Until the 5th century AD. Winchester in Hampshire was the Roman town Venta Belgarum, built in the tribal homelands of the Belgae, Hampshire and Avon. In 635 AD. King Cynegils brought Christianity to Winchester and by 871 AD. it had become the Royal and Holy centre of King Alfred's Saxon England. The year 1066 and Winchester surrendered to the Norman King William the Conqueror (French < Roi, King). Winchester Cathedral is Norman and was begun c. 1079 AD. High up in the roof space (Anglo Saxon < hrof, roof) above the north transept of Winchester Cathedral is this Rose window (architect unknown). Architecturally the window has been placed within a triangular frame in the gable end of the north transept where it is facing approximately 20 degrees NNE. Within the rosette of Winchester's Rose window design is a 'Chi-rho' intersected by six 'Heart' shaped segments each at 60 degree intervals, where the Chi-rho diagonals cross at the centre is a 6 pointed star. The 6 pointed star-symbol can be seen depicted on surviving 4th century AD. British silverwares and was used long before being adopted as a Jewish symbol during the post-medieval period.
The north transept of Winchester Cathedral shadowed by the midday sunshine in October 2011.
A Heart shaped petalled flower with one petal removed to show the inside reproductive organs.
Rosa.
There have been many clues in this investigation all helping me to understand the reason for the 'Heart' as a symbol but none more so than the Rosa family of plants. The Rose family, Rosaceae, are herbs, shrubs and trees, with a corolla of five petals. Their fruit varies greatly as is suggested by the names ; Plum, Blackberry, Cherry, Strawberry, Apple, Pear, Rowan, Rose-hip, Hawthorn, Medlar..... A fleshy fruit containing a stone is a drupe, from Latin < drupa. The drupe fruit ripens to reveal the seed inside, this split or cleave is called a tryma, from Greek < tryma, a hole. The soft fruits contain a single seed, a fruit-stone ; Latin < frui, to use, enjoy, produce and profit ; pietra (Peter) stone. When we eat a 'rosy' apple we then reveal the the core which contains the seeds.
This family of plants is extensive and World wide in distribution. It was the food and medication (Latin < medicari) of the hunter gatherers and through cultivation by succesive generations of agriculturist it is now abundant. It therefore is for these reasons why the 'Rose' is a symbol of LOVE in many cultures and why it is the emblem of a native land ; Old French < cuntree, contree, Country, Nation.
This family of plants is extensive and World wide in distribution. It was the food and medication (Latin < medicari) of the hunter gatherers and through cultivation by succesive generations of agriculturist it is now abundant. It therefore is for these reasons why the 'Rose' is a symbol of LOVE in many cultures and why it is the emblem of a native land ; Old French < cuntree, contree, Country, Nation.
This diagram is of an imaginary flower cup with its parts clearly marked.
The diagram above shows the physical structure of the flower head named in Botanical Scientific Latin ; ovaria, ovary ; stamen, thread, a word which is cognate with sta're, to stand, to remain. It is the Roman Latin language, which through the doctrine of the Holy Roman Church, has perhaps unwittingly, or deliberately, perpetuated the prehistory atributes of Hari and Ma. The supporting cup of any flower is the calyx. The calyx contains the reproductive organs of the plant as well as the showy corolla (crown) of petals. The word 'Chalice' means 'Cup', from Greek < kylix, cup, this became the Latin < calix, cup, 'chalice', a drinking cup. The 'Holy Chalice', which is so recognized by the naming of the Holy Mallow, Holyhock. The 'Holy Grail' (Medieval Latin < gradalis, cup) of The 'Arthurian Legends' is a fabrication concealing the secret of our inherited language. However, it is the penta, five pointed stella, star shape of the calyx and the 'Heart 'shaped petals of the corolla of the Rose that interprets (interpretari) and confirms our Ancestors understanding of the precious (Slovenian < Drag, precious) 'Mother' Ma, the natural phenomena of the 'Earth'. Latin < incunabula, the beginnings of anything ; humus, earth ; humanus, of the earth, harri + man, arian ; Tocharian B < saumo, earthling ; Old English < guma, man. In celebration of this annual regeneration of plants and life, the ancient peoples held the 'Harfeast', for without the fertile flowers there would be no food!.
The drawings below illustrate how the Ancient Britons had declared their understanding of behavioural science (Slovenian < veda, science, discipline) in that hram hring on that north easterly facing Wiltshire hars harri hrib.
The drawings below illustrate how the Ancient Britons had declared their understanding of behavioural science (Slovenian < veda, science, discipline) in that hram hring on that north easterly facing Wiltshire hars harri hrib.
A 'chi-rho' plan view of the final phase of architecture at Stonehenge.
The VOTE 'X'.
A schematic diagram showing the 'ROSE' concept to the final version of Stonehenge.
THE FLOWER CALIX OPENED AS THE SUN ROSE, GREETING THE NEW DAY AS THE MATTER EARTH ROTATES AND CIRCULATES HARI.
Likened to a 'Rose Window' the sunlight is seen here shining through this Rose flower of a Holy-Mallow.
This model of Stonehenge in Salisbury museum simulates the Sunrise on the longest day.
Looking SW. toward Stonehenge from the NE. avenue with the winter Chi-rho sunset December 10th 2011.
Whilst the Sun sets in the SW over Stonehenge on December 10th 2011 the Moon is in eclipse.
"It's behind you!" (mooning) The Heart shaped moonrise at Stonehenge. Italian < un chiaro di luna.
Mooning is the act of revealing one's arse (butt) in disrespect.
Moments later looking NE down the avenue at Stonehenge towards the midwinter full moon, seen rising in eclipse at 4.16 pm, December 10th 2011.
A short video of this partial eclipse 'The Symbolic Heart shaped Moonrise at Stonehenge' can be seen by visiting my site www.stonehengepics.weebly.com or alternatively on www.youtube.com
With my gratitude to my 'Harriman' G2a Ancestors.
A gesticulation, from Latin < gesticulus, a mimicking gesture, a hand movement to emphasize speech, from Latin < gesticulari.
For other pictures and information on the locations of the many Maga-lithos click on this link to 'The Megalithic Portal' http://www.megalithic.co.uk
Information on the Y-DNA genetic haplogroup markers for the early European farmers can be seen by visiting www.eupedia.com /Genetics.
HARRI & MA
Verzicare, to flourish.
The Ancient Symbolism within the Heart
HARRI + MA
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